Question

• Explain the hacker ethic and hacker manifesto. Give your opinion as to why hackers do not consider themselves to be criminals. Include one example of such types of hackers to support your response.
• Describe at least two ways in which organized crime uses social media sites for its benefits. Next, speculate on the measures that the government could take in order to combat cyber crimes perpetrated through social media sites. Provide a rationale for your response.

Answer 1

Values and philosophies in the community of hackers are known as hacking ethics whereas guidelines issued for operations in hacking industry is known as hacking manifesto.

In its earlier days, MIT was the home for hackers where there sole aim was to bring improvisation in existing operations. But in 50 years, hacking profession has been through many phases. Only thing that was common was good vs evil.So we can say that hacking was discovered on a good note and positivity but there is always two sides of a coin.For example the very first hacking done by the hacker named John Draper, who in 1971 hacked US telephone operating Company AT & T when the system was working on tonal control principle.He discovered that for making free call, people have to release 2600Hz sound once they reach operator and he started producing blue boxes to produce that sound. Draper never believed that he was a bad hacker.

There are multiple ways in which organized crime uses social media for its evil benefits.Two of them are-

Spreading terrorism- Institutions like ISIS uses social media for provoking terror and to coax them to join their group. They also take help of social media to raise funds for their trainings, weapons, terror attacks and other related activities.

Drug trafficking- It is one of the heiinous crime which is organised by criminal groups in the way of forming cartel. Twitter has 34K followers of a account named Mexico's Sinaloa cartel which is considered as most powerful group.

Measures that Government could take in order to combat cyber crime preperated through social media are-

Maintenance of task forces of electronic crimes for identifying cyber criminals across globe who are connected to cyber hacking, data braches, frauds related to banks etc.

Putting ban over criminal sites over social media.

Issuing intermediary guidelines to social media site comapny's for ensuring due diligence in relation to the content over their platform.

There should be deterrance for those who breaks or overlooks government guidelines for due diligence.

Freedom ensured by constitution provide loopholes by which criminals are benefitted for their free speech to provoke crime. There are so many other examples like this,Government should do a proper research to combat these loopholes. Nowadays social media is unavoidable. It has merits as well as demerits of its own. So it is important to analyze the amount to which it should be utilized.