Question

2. A group of students with no knowledge of the endocrine system were given a test on insulin function before (pre-test) and after (post-test) an explanation; the data is presented in Table D.

Table D. The effect of an explanation of the endocrine system on pre- and post-test scores (%).

Student	Pre-test	Post-test
1	25	59
2	33	45
3	37	44
4	39	51
5	31	41
6	31	42
7	27	58

a. Do you use a paired or unpaired comparison? Why?

Paired, because

b. Use Excel to calculate means and standard deviations.

Pre-test mean score __ 31.85714286__ + _ 5.014265364_; post-test mean score _48.57143_ + _ 7.502381_

c. Did the scores significantly improve following the explanation of the subject? Perform a 1-tailed t-test to see if there was an improvement.

p = _ 0.0034072_

d. Is there a significant difference between these two sets of scores?

e. State your conclusion (not a statistical inference) based on your statistical output.

f. Generate a column graph (Figure 1) with standard deviation error bars to present your data.

(cut and paste Figure 1 here)

Answer 1

A.

Paired, because observations are paired according to the students.

B.

C.

p-value = 0.0034 < 0.05 i.e. we can reject H0 and hence we can claim that scores significantly improve following the explanation of the subject (as the difference is proved to be negative)

D.

p-value = 0.0068 < 0.05 (significance level) i.e. we can reject H0 and hence we can claim that there is a significant difference in the scores.

E.

We can claim that there is a significant difference in the scores and score improves after the explanation.

F.

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