In: Accounting
Process costing is a method of costing which is used when manufacture takes place through multiple processes. The raw material would flow through 2 or more process before finished goods are produced. A process costing method is useful in the following situations
· production of standard and identical units
· production is on continuous and large scale basis
· production order is not customer order specific
· production orders are market driven and units produced are sold in open market
· Cost is accumulated at each process or departmental level
· When normal and abnormal losses and gains have to be accounted.
· The output of one process becomes the input for the next process
· Work in process units are expressed in equivalent units of production
On the other hand job costing has the following features
· Each job is customer order oriented
· Each job order has a separate identity from one another
· Cost is accumulated for each job level
· Separate cost record is maintained for each job
· Profit can be determined at each job order level