Question

7. What are the applications of an Embedded and Real Time Systems.

8. Analyze in detail about the challenges in Embedded and Real-Time systems design.

9. What are the parameters to be considered while designing an Embedded System Process?

10. Why microprocessor/microcontroller is used in Embedded system.

Answer 1

7.

There are various applications of real time embedded systems. Some of these are −

• Vehicle control systems for automobiles, ships, railways, airplanes etc.
• Telephones, radio and satellite communications.
• Medical systems for radiation therapy, heart treatments, patient monitoring etc.
• Military operations such as firing of missiles, military control bases etc.
• Systems with artificial intelligence and robotics.
• Multimedia systems that provides graphic, video, audio and text interfaces.
• Building control systems that manage heat,doors, elevators etc.
• Space operations such as spaceship launch and monitoring, space station control etc.

8.

Designing Realtime systems is a challenging task. Most of the challenge comes from the fact that Realtime systems have to interact with real world entities. These interactions can get fairly complex. A typical Realtime system might be interacting with thousands of such entities at the same time. For example, a telephone switching system routinely handles calls from tens of thousands of subscriber. The system has to connect each call differently. Also, the exact sequence of events in the call might vary a lot.

In the following sections we will be discussing these very issues...

• Realtime Response
• Recovering from Failures
• Working with Distributed Architectures
• Asynchronous Communication
• Race Conditions and Timing

9.

10.Microcontrollers comprise the main elements of a small computer systems on a single chip. They contain the memory, and IO as well as the CPU one the same chip. This considerably reduces the size, making them ideal for small embedded systems, but means that there are compromises in terms of performance and flexibility.