Question

Write an Empirical Model for Addressing the Issues of economic and social cost of opioid in US. Write 3-4 paragraphs please

Answer 1

SOLUTION

EMPIRICAL MODEL FOR ADDRESSING THE ISSUES OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COST OF OPIOID IN U.S

Years of sustained, coordinated and vigilant effort will be required to contain the present opioid epidemic and amennliorate its harmful effects on society. At least two million people have an opioid use disorder involving prescription opioids, and almost 6,00,000 have an opioid use disorder associated with heroin. These numbers are likely to increase in the coming years, regardless of what policies are put in place. Follow up studies of individuals recieving treatment of opioid use disorder involving heroin find very high rates of premature mortality due to the overdose or other complications of the disorder.

Thus, even if the nation ramps up treatment availability substantially and immediately, death rates will climb and quality of life will be dramatically reduced for many people for years to come. Likewise, the continued progression of still more people from prescription opioid use to opioid use disorder (OUD) will demand sustained and coordinated effort to establish and impement the scientifically grounded policies and clinical practices necessary to re-shape prescribing practices and reduce the occurence of new cases for prescription opioid induced OUD.

Theoritically, the comparitive effectiveness of different opioid-related policies could be quantified through the use of randomized controlled trails ( RCTs). For example consider a clinical strategy that eschews prescribing opioids to treat chronic noncancer pain if the patient scores high on a scale use to measure risk of developing opioid addictio. The effectiveness of this strategy for preventing OUD could be prevented in an RCT in which patients were assigned either that policy intervention or an alternative one.

Observational analysis attempt to eliminate bias due to confounding by adjusting for all measured prognnostic factors that are distributed differentially between the groups. For example, the comparision might be conducted separately among individuals and if all the confounding factors are appropriately measured and adjusted for, the analysis will adequetly emulate the target trail and correctly estimate the counterfactual scenarios under each strategy.