Question

Define and differentiate community policing and problem-oriented policing. Provide a specific example and explain how it distinguishes the differences between the two policing models.

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Answer 1

Community policing is the strategy of policing or following the law and orders with the collaboration of both the police and each individual of the society.This involves a understanding and team work between the law enforcement agencies and citizens to find any crime ,disorder or fear of crime and resolve it. Other than the law enforcement agencies community policing involve other government agencies, community members or groups, Nonprofit and service providers, media, private businesses. The community policing also relies on police Psychology. This type of policing helps to restore the trust in police too. Community policing also helps to maintain a healthy relationship between the police and the public. The three P's of the community police are People.Policies and Processes.

EXAMPLE:- A theft has been happening in a locality in a particular pattern.The information was passed on to the police.All the community members drawn a scheme according to the pattern of theft and caught on to the theif. The collaboration between the police,community members and victims ,the police were able to resolve the problem.

On the other hand problem solving policing is the type of policing where the police analyses the occurring problem and plan a strategy for the crime to not occure in the future. The main aim of the problem solving policing is analyses the problem that may occur and stop it from occurring. The problem solving policing follows the SARA model ie,:-

S - Scanning -To scan the problem in detail

A - Analyzing - To analyses the problem in depth by asking questions

R - Responding - To create a scheme to solve the problem

A - Assessment - To assess whether the applied scheme is working in a desired manner.

EXAMPLE :- A sexual assaulting was complaint by the shopkeeper near the bus stop. The police studied the surroundings and with the help of other small business workers they were able to analyze the Problem in more depth.A particular group of people ie the small business people were involved to help the police.

The difference of both the policing models are:-

COMMUNITY POLICING	PROBLEM-SOLVING POLICING
In community policing the citizens and the police work together to resolve a crime.	In problem solving policing the police uses the help of the community depending upon the cases and problems.
This type of policing mainly focuses on the police-citizen relationship.	This type of policing mainly focuses on the solving the problem rather the the police citizen interaction.
Involves thorough analysis but more importance is given to community collaboration.	Involves thorough analysis of the problem.
The decision making authority is shared with the community .	They encourages the help of the community for solving the crime but the decision making authority is only within the police force.
This type of policing mainly focuses on the interpersonal skills.	This type of policing mainly focuses on the tactical and intellectual skills.