Question

how does the cytoskeleton and motor proteins combine to build a locomotor organelle?

Answer 1

Solution

• Cytoskeleton is cell framework for cell motility, locomotion and intracellular transport. Motor proteins are ATP based walking proteins on the cytoskeleton track to carry out cellular processes and locomotion of cells by flagella and cillia.
• Dynein is the motor protein associated with tubulin microtubules,(cytoskeleton) and is required for movement of cilia and flagella.
• The falgella or cillia contains 9 microtubules in ring and at center there are 2 microtubules and all are in pair joined by bridges.
• This Motor proteins made up of two heads that “walk” along a cytoskeletal track, and a tail that is connected to cargo or another structure in the walking process.
• This pairs of microtubules are also physically connected via motor proteins called dyneins that move along the microtubules.
• And it is generating a force that causes the flagellum or cilium to beat. In environment for locomotion.
• The dynein motor protein is anchored to one doublet, and “walks along” the adjacent doublet; so the synchronous movement and locomotion of all dyneins across the entire structure cases the cilium or flagellum to bend.
• This connections between the microtubule pairs and the coordination of dynein motor protein movement allow the activity of the motors to produce a pattern of regular beating, driving the cell to move in a coordinated fashion in environment.