Question

Explain all 5 (FIVE) stages of Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) when developing an accounting system. In addition, describe the accountant’s roles in each of the phase. (Hint: 25 marks for explanation of SDLC phases + 5 marks for description of accountant’s roles in each phase = 25 marks. Hence a total of 50 marks)

5 stages which is

1. system analysis

2. conceptual design

3. physical design

4. implementation and conversion

5. operation and maintenance

not less than 1600 words

Answer 1

Answer-

1. System analysis -  

This stage is the most basic in the SDLC process. Business requirements are ordered and examined by a business analyst, space master, and undertaking supervisor. The business analyst connects with partners to build up the business requirements report. They likewise compose use cases and offer this data with the task group. The point of the requirements investigation is for quality affirmation, specialized attainability, and to distinguish likely dangers to address all together for the product to succeed.

The end-client's requirements ought to be resolved and reported, what their desires are for the framework, and how it will perform. An achievability study will be made for the venture too, including deciding if it's authoritatively, financially, socially, innovatively plausible. it's critical to keep up solid correspondence level with the customers to ensure you have an away from of the completed product and its capacity.

The role of accountant is-

System analysis is a scholarly cycle that is mixed together with truth gathering.

The accountant's expertise makes them significant parts in the plan of a decent very much controlled system:

Interior control principles

Review trail necessities

Outside announcing necessities

Double entry system

2. Conceptual design -

During the design phase, lead developers and specialized engineers make the underlying elevated level design plan for the product and framework. This incorporates the conveyance of requirements used to make the Design Document Specification (DDS). This document subtleties information base tables to be included, new exchanges to be characterized, security measures, just as equipment and framework requirements.

The design phase comes after a decent comprehension of client's requirements, this phase characterizes the components of a framework, the parts, the security level, modules, engineering and the various interfaces and kind of information that experiences the framework.

An overall framework design should be possible with a pen and a bit of paper to decide how the framework will look like and how it will capacity, and afterward a point by point and extended framework design is created, and it will meet all utilitarian and specialized requirements, sensibly and truly.

The role of accountant is- The accountant assumes a significant part in the conceptual design of the framework. The person in question must perceive control ramifications of every elective design and guarantee that bookkeeping shows and legal requirements are perceived. These issues need not be indicated in detail now, however they ought to be perceived as things to be tended to during the build period of the framework. Besides, the auditability of a framework depends to a limited extent on its design attributes. Some PC examining strategies expect frameworks to be designed with worked in review highlights. Such highlights require assets and should be considered at conceptual design.

3. Physical design-

In frameworks design, the design capacities and tasks are depicted in detail, including screen formats, business rules, measure outlines, and other documentation. The yield of this stage will portray the new framework as an assortment of modules or subsystems.

The design stage takes as its underlying information the requirements distinguished in the endorsed requirements document. For every necessity, a lot of at least one design components will be delivered because of meetings, workshops, and additionally model endeavors.

Design components depict the ideal framework includes in detail, and they by and large incorporate practical pecking order charts, screen format graphs, tables of business rules, business measure outlines, pseudo-code, and a total substance relationship chart with a full information word reference. These design components are planned to depict the framework in adequate detail, with the end goal that talented developers and architects may create and convey the framework with negligible extra information design.

The role of accountant is-

Ensuring that the current system's feeble focuses are wiped out while safeguarding its qualities.

Calculated system (ready to stick to the double entry rule), and the systems experts are liable for the physical system.

In the event that significant bookkeeping contemplations are not conceptualized now, they might be disregarded and open the association to likely misfortune.

The audit capacity of a system depends to some degree on its plan attributes

4. Implementation and conversion-

This phase comes after a total comprehension of framework necessities and details, it's the real development measure subsequent to having a total and represented plan for the mentioned framework.

In the Software Development Life Cycle, the genuine code is composed here, and in the event that the framework contains equipment, at that point the implementation phase will contain setup and tweaking for the equipment to meet certain prerequisites and capacities.

In this phase, the framework is fit to be conveyed and introduced in client's premises, prepared to get running, live and beneficial, preparing might be needed for end clients to ensure they realize how to utilize the framework and to get acquainted with it, the implementation phase may take quite a while and that relies upon the intricacy of the framework and the arrangement it presents.

The role of accountant is-

Accountants implement the recently planned framework.

Directing subsequent investigations.

Procuring assets for the new framework Training new or existing employees to utilize it.

Organizations direct subsequent investigations on a continuous premise so as to decide if the new framework is fruitful and, obviously, to distinguish any new issues with it.

5. Operation and maintenance-

In an after production, live software climate, the system is in maintenance mode. Regardless of the quantity of clients, the sophistication of the software and thorough QA testing, issues will happen. That is the idea of software with managing information, integration, and security, and certifiable utilization. Admittance to educated, solid help assets is basic, as is routine maintenance and staying cutting-edge on redesigns.

In this stage, intermittent maintenance for the system will be done to ensure that the system won't get old, this will include replacing the old equipment and continuously evaluating system's presentation, it likewise includes providing most recent updates for certain parts to ensure it satisfies the correct guidelines and the most recent advances to confront current security dangers.

The role of accountant is- This is the final phase of the system development life cycle

The accountant role in this stage is:

They participate in the post execution review by confirming whether the new system can meet the organization goals. System activity and report if there are any zones that require change.

Periodic review of the system regarding interior control principles and upkeep.

They are the clients of the system.

These are the main six phases of the System Development Life Cycle, and it's an iterative cycle for each task. It's imperative to make reference to that superb correspondence level ought to be maintained with the client, and Prototypes are significant and supportive with regards to meeting the necessities. By building the system in short emphasess; we can ensure meeting the client's prerequisites before we manufacture the entire system.