Question

1. Which of the following is a fission reaction?

a. ²³⁵U        +     ¹n     ➝     ¹³⁹Ba     +     ⁹⁴Kr      +    3 ¹n

b. ²H       +        ³H      ➝        ⁴He      +        ¹n

c. ²⁰⁹Bi       +       ⁵⁸Fe ➝        ²⁶⁶Mt     +     ¹n

d. ²³⁸U       +      ¹n       ➝        ²³⁹U

e. ¹p        +         e^-1     ➝          ¹n

2. Which of the following is a fusion reaction?

a. ²³⁵U      +     ¹n         ➝     ¹³⁹Ba     +     ⁹⁴Kr      +    3 ¹n

b. ²H       +        ³H      ➝        ⁴He      +        ¹n

c. ¹⁴C                           ➝        ¹⁴N      +          e^-1   

d. ²³⁸U     +      ¹n        ➝        ²³⁹U

e. ¹p         +         e^-1    ➝          ¹n

3. Which of the following atoms are radioactive?

I. Hg-200                   II. S-32           III. Ca-45

IV. C-14                      V. At-210

a. II, III, and IV

b. I and II

c. I, II, and III

d. IV and V

e. III, IV and V

4. Fact: ⁴⁰Sc is unstable and radioactive. Is its n/p ratio too high or too low? In that case, which process could lead to stability?

a.	Its n/p ratio is too high. It could attain stability by positron emission.
b.	Its n/p ratio is too high. It could attain stability by beta emission.
c.	Its n/p ratio is too low. It could attain stability by electron capture only.
d.	Its n/p ratio is too low. It could attain stability by electron capture or positron emission.
e.	Its n/p ratio is too low. It could attain stability by beta emission.

5. Very large nuclei tend to be unstable because of the:

a.	repulsive forces between neutrons.
b.	repulsive forces between protons.
c.	attraction of protons for neutrons.
d.	attraction of electrons for the positively charged nucleus.
e.	repulsive forces between electrons.

6. Fact: ²⁴Na is unstable and radioactive. Is its n/p ratio too high or too low? In that case, which process could lead to stability?

a. Its n/p ratio is too high. It could attain stability by positron emission.

b. Its n/p ratio is too high. It could attain stability by electron capture or positron emission.

c. Its n/p ratio is too high. It could attain stability by beta emission.

d. Its n/p ratio is too low. It could attain stability by electron capture only.

e. Its n/p ratio is too low. It could attain stability by beta emission.

7. What is the mass of an alpha particle?

a. 4 amu

b. 3 amu

c. 2 amu

d. 1 amu

e. 0 amu

8. For most common types of radioactive decay, the order of least penetrating to most penetrating for human tissue is:

a. beta, gamma, alpha

b. gamma, alpha, beta

c. alpha, beta, gamma

d. gamma, alpha, beta

e. gamma, beta, alpha

9. The following reaction is an example of __________.

    ⁴¹Ca    →    ⁴¹K   + unknown particle

The unknown particle is _______________.

a.	positron emission;   +1b
b.	electron capture;      +1b
c.	alpha decay;   4He
d.	beta decay;   -1b
e.	gamma emission; g

10. Complete the equation by writing the symbol of the missing particle.

²¹¹Pb   ➝ _-1b + unknown particle

a.	210Pb
b.	211Pb
c.	211Tl
d.	211Bi
e.	None of these.

14. Plutonium-242 is radioactive and unstable. Which reaction correctly represents the decay of this isotope?

a. ²⁴²Pu ➝   ¹n + ²³⁸U

b. ²⁴²Pu +    ⁴He   ➝     ²⁴⁶Cm

c. ²⁴²Pu ➝   ⁴He     + ²³⁸U

d. ²⁴²Pu ➝ ⁴He     + ²³⁶U

e. ²⁴²Pu +    _-1b   ➝     ²⁴²Np

15. Complete the nuclear equation   177Ta + electron capture ➝     by writing the symbol of the missing particle.

a. 177Hf b. 177W c. 178Ta d. 178W e. 178Hf

16. Complete the nuclear equation 235U    +   14N    -----> ______ +   5 1n by writing the isotope name for the missing particle.

a. Pu-249 b. At-221 c. At-216 d. Es-244 e. Es-249

17. Praseodymium-135 is produced by positron emission from what isotope?

a. Pr-136

b. Nd-135

c. Praseodymium-135 is stable.

d. Ce-135

e. Pr-134

Answer 1

Answer – 1) We are given the nuclear reaction and we are asking for the fission reaction.

We know fission reaction in which the heavy nucleus gets split in to lighter nuclei, so it is like from one nucleus to form 2 or more than 2 product formed.

So reaction a. ²³⁵U        +     ¹n     ➝     ¹³⁹Ba     +     ⁹⁴Kr      +    3 ¹n is the only one fission reaction form the given.

2) We know fusion reaction in which the lighter nuclei combined and formed one heavy nucleus, so it is like from two nucleus to form 1 product formed

So, fusion reaction is –

b. ²H       +        ³H      ➝        ⁴He      +        ¹n

3) We know radioactive atoms which is very unstable and emit the electromagnetic radiation. They are also heavy. The stable atom not act as radioactive atoms like here we are given S-32 and Hg-200 , so the remaining are the radioactive atom

So answer is - e. III, IV and V

4) We know as the n/p ratio increase the stability increase. In the 40Sc there is n/p ratio is too low, since there is decrease the number of neutron than actual one.

So the answer is

d.	Its n/p ratio is too low. It could attain stability by electron capture or positron emission.