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In: Biology

There are rare cases where a base substitution mutagen can revert a frameshift mutation if the...

There are rare cases where a base substitution mutagen can revert a frameshift mutation if the frameshift mutation is early in a DNA coding sequence. Suggest a mechanism by which this could occur.

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Ans.

  • The reversion of Frameshift mutations is known as revertant mosaicism.
  • This is a naturally occurring mechanism, in which the frameshift mutation is reverted due to a second mutation in another site that corrects the reading frame.
  • As this is a naturally occurring mechanism, it is known as "natural gene therapy".
  • Second-site mutation is the most probable mechanism through which the frameshift mutation is reverted.
  • This can occur either upstream or downstream of the frameshift mutation.
  • The second-site mutation is a spontaneous mutation and can occur in the introns.
  • This results in the restoration of the reading frame.
  • Reversion of frameshift mutation has been observed in many genetic disorders such as Bloom syndrome which is a rare genetic disorder that causes stunted growth, sensitive skin and dilation of blood vessels over nose and cheeks.
  • The reversion of frameshift mutations may also happen by other mechanisms such as mitotic gene conversion or DNA slippage.

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