Question

how they might improve their learning objectives

abuse amongst adolescents and how to promote good choices amongst this age group.

Learning Objectives:

• Define addiction/abuse and the stages of addiction/abuse, as well as what leads up to addiction/abuse
• Determine the reasons why teens use tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs
• Evaluate the dangers of using/experimenting with tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drugs
• Explain the negative consequences of drugs addiction and abuse
• Explain how to make good choices, prevent addiction, and watch out for signs of abuse/addiction

Answer 1

Substance abuse

According to WHO

Substance abuse refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs.

Stages of substance abuse

1.Experimentation
The first stage of substance abuse is also the most innocuous. Many people’s first exposure begins as a social event. Teenagers may drink or use substance due to peer group pressure for experimentation the individuals may not be think to continue this use

2. Regular use
Once a person has progressed past the experimentation phase, regular use of drugs and alcohol ensues and gradually increase the amount and dose of the substance and in this stage the usage may be once in a week or week end

3. Risky use
With the onset of the third stage, serious collateral complications begin to manifest as people’s normal lives clash with the instability of substance abuse.Teenagers may see their grades fall precipitously and their group of friends change drastically.

4. Dependence
The fourth stage of substance abuse is where things begin to take a serious turn. Dependence means that while no physical changes have taken place in the chemical makeup of the brain, people will continue to drink and use drugs regardless of the impact to their health, job, friends or anything else.nuerochemical changes occur

5.Addiction

At the final stage, a chemical change has taken place within the body so no matter how hard people may try, giving up the substance of choice is almost impossible without help. People in this stage may experience sudden and intense cravings for drugs or alcohol and will act on these cravings until the go way

Reasons of use of substance abuse of peer group

• Peer group pressure
• Family history
• Stress or psychological problem
• Poverty
• Lack of guidence or family care
• Culture or religion
• Social background
• Love failure
• Loss of exam
• Physical illness
• Lack of healthy coping mechanism
• Life events such as death of family member

Mental Consequences

Depression, anxiety, mood swings and psychosis. While psychosis is usually a direct result of drug use, depression, anxiety and mood swings

Physical Consequences

The Scrapes, bruises, track marks, lip burns, skin abscesses, contracting diseases increased tolerance, physical dependence on the drug and withdrawal symptoms are all physical consequences.

Social Consequences

The social consequences of addiction are usually the most talked about. Dropping out of school, job loss, hospitalizations.

Spiritual Consequences

Feeling hopeless, lonely, scared, guilty, ashamed, dishonest, perpetually unhappy and restless for no apparent reason.