Question

Identify and describe what measurement methods, instruments and processes may be needed to collect and analyze behavioral data about emerging leadership trends. Why are these important to leadership?

Answer 1

Good's Dictionary Of Education states that, Leadership is the ability and readiness to inspire, guide, direct or manage data.  So leadership is a social notion. It is the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives. The Measurement Methods that are needed to collect and analyze behavioural data about leadership trends are asa follows: 1) Survey Research:It is primarily being used to assess the characteristics of leadership trends.It also determines characteristics, attitude, and behaviour of individual leaders with direct contact with leders with researcher and inferences are drawn about characteristic, attitude, behaviour about leadership trend. 2) Quanlitative Research: It uses naturalistic enquiry without manipulation and pre determined outcomes.So the behaviour of leaders are studied in natural enviornment. purposive sampling process is used hereto gain insight about important part of inquiry. 3)Correlational Analysis: It is being frquently used to gain magnitude of relationship. Tjis magnitude depends on increase and decrease of variables i.e. positive or negative. the magnitude of relationship is determined from numerical value of coefficient of correlation. 4)Laboratory Experiment: It is one of the powerful method where relationship is studied between variables under control situation. Here researcher creates a situation with exact condition that he wants to study and he controls some and manipulates other variables. The Instruments that are used to study behavioural data of leadership trends are as follows: 1) The leader Behaviour Description Questionnaire: This instrument was developed by Personal Research Foundation at Ohio State UniversityIt has two dimension like Initiating structure and Consideratio. Each dimension contain !5 items and based on perception of observed leader behaviour by the other staff member. 2)The Leader Opinion Questionnaire:  This instrument measures leader's orientation around the major factors like structure and consideration.It has 40 item qustionnaire to measure leader opinion. 3) Supervisory Behaviour Description: All questions are worded in terms of -what does your own supervisor actually do?It has all total 48 items. 4)Leader Effectiveness And Adaptibility Description: It was designed to measure 3 aspects of leader's behaviour- style of leadership, range of leadership and style adaptibility. The instrument contain 12 items. The various processes or ways that are used to analyze behavioural data of leadership trend depends upon some criterion which are as follows: 1) Democratic leadership Trend: Here leaders invites to participate in tackling problems so that group and leadercan act as a social unit. here leader provides motivation, equal share of responsibility and self control attitude is found 2)Bureaucratic Leadership  Trend :Here no participation or initiative is found on the part of subordinatesbecause here leaders rules on subordinates too much paper work is given to them 3)Laissez-Faire Leadership Trend: here compllete freedom is given to subordinates .They were given freedom to frame policyand programmes .