Question

Isolating bits and bytes

Task: Create a program that manages an IP address. Allow the user to enter the IP address as four 8 bit unsigned integer values (just use 4 sequential CIN statements). The program should output the IP address upon the users request as any of the following. As a single 32 bit unsigned integer value, or as four 8 bit unsigned integer values, or as 32 individual bit values which can be requested as a single bit by the user (by entering an integer 0 to 31). Or as all 32 bits assigned into 2 variable sized groups (host group and network group) and outputted as 2 unsigned integer values from 1 bit to 31 bits each.

Example functionality:

Enter and IP address:

192

168

1

5

Scenario 1:

How would you like to see your IP address ((1) single value, (2) four values, (3), two values, (4) a single bit value): 1

Output should be 3232235781

Scenario 2:

How would you like to see your IP address ((1) single value, (2) four values, (3), two values, (4) a single bit value): 2

Output should be 192.168.1.5

Scenario 3:

How would you like to see your IP address ((1) single value, (2) four values, (3), two values, (4) a single bit value): 3

How many bits in the network address: 16

Output should be 49320, 261

Scenario 4:

How would you like to see your IP address ((1) single value, (2) four values, (3), two values, (4) a single bit value): 4

Which bit would you like to see: 21

Output should be 1

(Because the binary of the IP address is 11000000101010000000000100000101

This lab deals with the following concepts:

• Bit fields
• Unions
• Bit masking
• IP addressing (for the sake of creating a useful program)

Answer 1

Below is your code :)

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int ip[32];   // array to store the binary representation of whole ip addresss

// function to return the decimal of whole ip address
long long BinaryToDecimal()
{
   long long decimalNumber = 0;
   long long base = 1;
   int i=31;
   while (i>=0)
   {
      decimalNumber += ip[i]*base;
      base = base*2;
      i--;
   }
   return decimalNumber;
}

// function to return the decimal of given part of whole ip address
long long TwoPartAddress(int end,int bits)
{
   long long decimalNumber = 0;
   long long base = 1;
   int i=bits;
   while (i>=end)
   {
      decimalNumber += ip[i]*base;
      base = base*2;
      i--;
   }
   return decimalNumber;
}

// main function
int main()
{
int num[4];       // array to store 4 parts of ip address
int n[4][8];   // 2D array to store binary representation of 4 parts of ip address
int choice;       // for storing user choice
// taking input from user
cout<<"Enter an IP address: ";  
cin>>num[0]>>num[1]>>num[2]>>num[3];
// filling 2d array with 0
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
   for(int j=0;j<8;j++)
       n[i][j]=0;  
// filling binary representation of each number in 2d array
for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
{
   int octate = num[j];
   for(int i=0; octate>0; i++)  
    {  
       n[j][i]=octate%2;  
       octate = octate/2;
    }  
}

int i=0;
// filling ip array with combined binary values
for(int j=0;j<4;j++)
{
   for(int k=7;k>=0;k--)
       ip[i++] = n[j][k];
}

cout<<"\nHow would you like to see your IP address ((1) single value, (2) four values, (3), two values, (4) a single bit value): ";
cin>>choice;
cout<<endl;

switch(choice)
{
   // in case user want to see the single decimal value of ip address
   case 1: cout<<"Output should be "<<BinaryToDecimal()<<endl;
           break;
   // in case user want to see ip address in 4 decimal values
   case 2: cout<<"Output should be "<<num[0]<<"."<<num[1]<<"."<<num[2]<<"."<<num[3]<<endl;
           break;
   // in case user want to see network and host values seperately in decimal form
   case 3: int bits;
           cout<<"How many bits in the network address: ";
           cin>>bits;
           cout<<"Output should be "<<TwoPartAddress(0,bits-1)<<", "<<TwoPartAddress(bits,31)<<endl;
           break;
   // in case user want to see a particular bit of an ip address
   case 4: int bit;
           cout<<"Which bit would you like to see: ";
           cin>>bit;
           cout<<"Output should be "<<ip[31-bit]<<endl;
           cout<<"(Because the binary of the IP address is"<<endl;
           for(int i=0;i<31;i++)
           {
               if(i == 31-bit)
               {
                   cout<<" "<<ip[i]<<" ";
                   continue;  
               }
               cout<<ip[i];
           }
           break;
          
   default: cout<<"Wrong choice."<<endl;
}
  
return 0;
}

Sample Output:

1. Scenario :

2. Scenario:

3. Scenario:

4. Scenario: