Question

Identify the central causes and consequences of the Mexican Revolution. How did it change society and the political climate? Be sure to examine the reforms implemented by each president following the revolution. Original post and at least one peer response required.

Answer 1

• The Mexican Revolution of 1910, started officialy once the plan of San Luis, went into efect, which means since the siting president General Porfirio Diaz had celebrated an election in which most people thought was not fair, the people revolted around this plan, the leader was a man called Franciso Madero, with the help of Pancho Villa he made Diaz leave the country and elections were celebrated and he won the presidency.
• Mexico went through great political and social unrest between 1910 and 1920. The Mexican Revolution took place at this time, beginning with efforts to oust president Porfirio Diaz. A new constitution that incorporated many of the Revolution's ideals was promulgated in 1917 but the violence didn't really come to an end until Álvaro Obregón became president in 1920.
  
• Causes of the Mexican Revolution:
• The dictatorship-like rule of Pofirio Diaz for over 30 years
• Exploitation and poor treatment of workers
• Great disparity between rich and poor
• Porfirio Diaz had been in power for over thirty years when he gave an interview with American journalist James Creelman in 1908 in which he stated that Mexico was ready for democracy and that the president to follow him should be elected democratically.
• He said that he looked forward to the formation of opposing political parties. Francisco Madero, a lawyer from Coahuila, took Diaz at his word and decided to run against him in the 1910 elections.
• Diaz had Madero imprisoned and declared himself the winner of the elections. Madero wrote the Plan de San Luis Potosi which called for the people of Mexico to rise up in arms against the president on November 20th, 1910.
• Madero was elected president. Up to that point the revolutionaries had had a common goal, but with Madero as president, their differences became obvious. Zapata and Villa had been fighting for social and agrarian reform, whereas Madero had mainly been interested in making political changes.
• On November 25th, 1911, Zapata proclaimed the Plan de Ayala which stated that the goal of the revolution was for land to be redistributed among the poor. He and his followers rose up against Madero and his government. From February 9th to 19th, 1913, the Decena Tragica (the Tragic Ten Days) took place in Mexico City.
• There were several political factors that led to the Mexican Revolution, such as the alienation of the petty bourgeoisie and regional elites, the suppression of political rights by Diaz for the so-called economic development, and the establishment of the rurales.
• One of the central reasons as to why the revolution broke out was the establishment of Diaz´s political policies. Diaz had ruled by “the formula pan o palo (bread or the club). Opponents who refused Diaz’s bribes-political offices, monopolies, and the like-suffered swift reprisal.
• Additionally, Diaz had implemented a political policy to allow him to be able to be re-elected indefinitely, thus disposing of democracy. “He got rid of the now-inconvenient issue of no re-election by having the constitution amended in 1887 and 1890 to permit his indefinite re-election; in 1904 he obtained an extension of the president’s term from four to six years.
• A secondary political cause of the Mexican Revolution of 1910 was the isolation of the lower and upper classes by Diaz. “In effect, Diaz invited all sections of the upper class and some members of the middle class, including prominent intellectuals and journalists, to join the great Mexican barbecue, from which only the poor and humble were barred.
• In this scenario the peasantry were isolated and apparently discriminated against, thus creating a form of hatred that would be directed at Diaz later.
• The revolution was successful in getting rid of Porfirio Diaz, and since the revolution no president has governed for longer than the prescribed six years in office.
• The PRI (Partido Revolucionario Institucionalizado - the Institutionalized Revolutionary Party) political party was a fruit of the revolution, and maintained the presidency from the time of the revolution until Vicente Fox of the PAN (Partido de Accion Nacional - National Action Party) was elected president in 2000.
  
• The Mexican Revolution of 1910 was caused by numerous political and social issues that resulted in the suppression of political rights and oppression of the peasantry.
• At the finale of this revolution Porfirio Diaz, the dictator, was dethroned. The peasantry could not take the combined pressure of the rurales, the banishment of democracy, and the suppression of their political rights.
• Therefore the only option was to remove Diaz in order to restore democracy, as it has always been intended to be. There were several political factors that led to the Mexican Revolution, such as the alienation of the petty bourgeoisie and regional elites, the suppression of political rights by Diaz for the so-called economic development, and the establishment of the rurales.
• Between the Consequences of the Mexican Revolution Most notable are the promulgation of a new constitution, the restoration of certain labor rights, new agrarian policies, the recovery of freedom of worship or the nationalization of oil.
• During two months, in the city of Querétaro a new constitution was written that granted individual rights to all the Mexicans.
• The universal and direct vote was created, slavery was banned, secular education was established for official and private schools and the creation of a Congress with two chambers, one of senators and one of deputies, was also allowed.
• Thanks to the Mexican revolution, freedom of work was enshrined and a system of labor protection was implemented for workers, guaranteeing maximum eight hours a day of work, one day of rest per week and vacations.In addition, standards were approved to guarantee decent conditions in terms of remuneration and quality of life.
• With the reform it was possible to return the land to the peasants and Indians who had been expropriated their property.
• In addition, over the years, attempts have been made to guarantee rural development programs focused on small and medium-sized producers, thus reducing privileges to large Landowners .
• Between the years 1911 and 1992 it is estimated that 100 million hectares were delivered to peasants and indigenous people.
• The state education system was oriented to exalt the universal civic and democratic values ??of man, to promote knowledge, defense and respect for human rights.
• It also promoted the promotion of productive work for a harmonious social coexistence, as well as seeking the development of science, technology and innovation.
• The autonomy of the public university was recognized and incentives were granted to higher education. It was also achieved that basic education was secular and free of charge with quality services and universal access
• All oil exploration and exploitation companies were accountable to the government that encouraged the restitution of the subsoil wealth to the nation ceded to the owners during Porfirio Díaz's term.
• The Constituent Congress established the difference between the ownership of the soil and the subsoil, noting that the former could be private property, but the subsoil and its wealth belonged to the direct, inalienable and imprescriptible domain of the nation, which could have concessionaires for its exploitation.
• Due to time limit,any remaining questions can be asked as another question they will be answered,hankyou for your cooperation.