Question

In: Biology

List the four major classes of macromolecules, and their monomers. (see review chart on p. 52)...

  1. List the four major classes of macromolecules, and their monomers. (see review chart on p. 52)
  2. Distinguish between monomers and polymers.
  3. Differentiate between dehydration and hydrolysis reactions.

Carbohydrates

  1. Distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
  2. Describe the structure and function of a monosaccharide.
  3. List the component monosaccharides of the following disaccharides
    • Maltose
    • Sucrose
    • Lactose
  4. The WHO recommends that how much of our daily calories should come from sugar?
  5. High consumption of sugar has been correlated with what types of health problems?
  6. What is the structure and function of starch, glycogen, cellulose and chitin?
  7. Which polysaccharides are made by plants? By humans? By insects?

Solutions

Expert Solution

1)  four major classes of macromolecules, and their monomers are:

- Carbohydrates : Monosacchride e.g Glucose

- Proteins : Amino acid e.g Glycine

- Nucleic acid : Nucleotides e.g Adenosine triphosphate

- Lipids : fatty acid and glycerol

2) Monomers are the single unit of large macromolecules.

Polymers are made up of multiple repeating units of monomer.

3) Dehydration reaction involves the release of water during the reaction.

Hydrolysis reaction involves the consumption of water during the reaction.

4)
Carbohydrates :
Types:
-monosaccharides: these are sugars. Smallest unit of Carbohydrates.
e.g Glucose- energy source
Ribose- required in RNA

-Disaccharides: made of 2 units of monosaccharides
e.g maltose
Fructose- in fruits
Sucrose- present in sugar

-polysaccharides: further two types
Homopolysacchrides
And heteropolysaccharides
E.g starch - storage form in plant
Glycogen - storage form in animal
Cellulose- components of cell wall
Hyaluronic acid- for gluing the cell.

gladiator answered 3 months ago
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