Question

investigate a specific test that can be performed on the urine; identify their normal range and abnormal values. You should identify one condition that could lead to abnormal values and describe the disease(s) or disorder(s) that lead to those values. 

Answer 1

for diabetes urine is tested because in the case of diabetes urine have amount of ketones.

ketones are produced when breakdown of fat occurs in body.

Diabetes: it is a disease in which glucose is not transported to the cells and remains in blood. in this disease blood have high amount of glucose but metabolic system of body is not capable to transfer this glucose to cells or body. when body is not able to transport glucose to all cells it starts the utilisation of fat for production of energy.

This disease occurs in the absence of error in hormone insulin which is responsible for the transport of glucose from blood to cells.

Diabetes have two types: Diabetes 1 and second

type first diabetes occurs when body's immune system destroys the insulin producing pancreatic cells so insulin production is reduced.

Type II diabetes occurs when insulin is produced but not utilised by cells because they have added in the insulin utilisation mechanism.

In healthy individuals kitone is absent in urine but in diabetic patient eat on is produced due to The breakdown of fat. this presence of Ketone is tested by Ketone strips on which urine is directly applied and change in colour of that strip indicates the presence of Ketone in urine.

So normally urine do not have keton so no color changing of keton strips.

strength of colour of strip directly indicates the amount of ketone.

High color means high ketone.