Question

Design a combinational logic circuit that performs the function of Full Subtractor. Draw a neat diagram of the final circuit and verify the design for at least two input samples.

Answer 1

A full subtractor is a combinational circuit that performs subtraction of two bits, one is minuend and other is subtrahend, taking into account borrow of the previous adjacent lower minuend bit. This circuit has three inputs and two outputs. The three inputs A, B and Bin, denote the minuend, subtrahend, and previous borrow, respectively. The two outputs, D and Bout represent the difference and output borrow, respectively.

Truth Table –

From above table we can draw the K-Map as shown for “difference” and “borrow”.

Logical expression for difference –

D   = A’B’Bin + A’BBin’ + AB’Bin’ + ABBin
    = Bin(A’B’ + AB)  + Bin’(AB’ + A’B)
    = Bin( A XNOR B) + Bin’(A XOR B)
    = Bin (A XOR B)’  +  Bin’(A XOR B)
    = Bin XOR (A XOR B)
    = (A XOR B) XOR Bin

Logical expression for borrow –

Bout = A’B’Bin + A’BBin’ + A’BBin + ABBin      
     = A’B’Bin +A’BBin’ + A’BBin + A’BBin + A’BBin + ABBin
     = A’Bin(B + B’) + A’B(Bin + Bin’) + BBin(A + A’)
     = A’Bin + A’B + BBin

OR

Bout = A’B’Bin + A’BBin’ + A’BBin + ABBin      
     = Bin(AB + A’B’) + A’B(Bin + Bin’)
     = Bin( A XNOR B) + A’B
     = Bin (A XOR B)’ + A’B

Logic Circuit for Full Subtractor –