Question

Briefly explain an advantage and disadvantage of using either type of data in analysis. (2 )

   A. DNA:

       Advantage:

       Disadvantage:

   B. Morphology

       Advantage:

       Disadvantage:

Answer 1

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Major Advantage of DNA data analysis:

1. Each individual has unique DNA information in form of ATGC nucleotide sequence.  This DNA information and its analysis can be used to identify criminal in forensic science. It require very small amount of sample such as scratch of skin, root hair, etc.
2. The genome decoding can reveal the genes and mutation responsible for diseases which will help human race sustainability and also provide sustainable agronomy.
3. They provide rapid results.
4. Markers can be designed for early screening of genetic disorder.
5. DNA sequencing data of difference species/organism can reveal their evolutionary pattern in both animal and plant. Also helped in confirming new species.
6. These data can also be used to find the key genes involved in the domestication in crop sciences which has helped both gene- and green- revolution.
7. Geneome sequencing has enable faster genetic gains and helped in proving existing crop and animal species in breeding. Which ensures food security for growing human population.
8. Identifying qualitative trait loci has heled researcher and breeders to find the associated genomic region with trait/disease.

Major dis-Advantage of DNA data analysis:

1. DNA information can provide physical status of human health which can interfere its privacy
2. DNA data are prone to human made error.
3. Sample contamination (in forensic research) of samples have huge impact on the accuracy and reliability.

Major Advantage of phenotypic/morphological data analysis:

1. It has played significant role in the identification of related species and plotting phylogenetic tree.
2. Most of the classification in animal and plants were done by comparing morphological data.
3. It has served in identifying new plant and animal species.
4. It also helped in identifying polygenic traits.
5. It has helped in identifying connecting species during evolution (e.g., platypus between birds and mammals)

Major dis-Advantage of phenotypic/morphological data analysis:

1. These study are very slow and painful. For instance, in case of plant, if someone want to study flower morphology, they need to wait for particular season.
2. Its very laborious.
3. It require true eye. The researcher has to skilful and well trained

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