Question

I hvave assigment

Dysrhythmia case study

Each student to submet a case study that shows:

• a patient with any cardiac emergencies regarding dysrhythmias
• treatment done to the patient, and the results if available
• an ECG strip that shows the type of the dysrhthmia

Rules:

• Submission with Word file
• At least one paper count of work
• Clear images
• Due date: April 7th Tuesday
• Mark deduction for LATE turn in.

Any type of dysrhythmia like heart block or asystole

Answer 1

Dysrhythmia :

Cardiac dysrhythmia or arrhythmia is the abnormality in the heart rate or rhythm. It is caused by changes in heart's normal sequence of electrical impulses.

Some common types of cardiac dysrhythmia :-

• Atrial fibrillation
• Ventricular fibrillation
• Supraventricular tachyarrhythmia
• A-V block or heart block
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Sinus node dysfunction
• Long QT syndrome

Signs and symptoms :

• Atrial fibrillation : dizziness, palpitations fainting, chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness.
• A-V block or heart block : First degree block generally shows no symptoms. Second degree block causes slow or irregular pulse. Third degree block causes very slow heart beat, fainting, and dizziness.
• Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias : Palpitations, low blood pressure, fainting, etc.
• Sinus node dysfunction : Weakness, dizziness, fainting, etc.
• Ventricular fibrillation : It is an emergency condition. It causes absent pulse, unconsciousness, and death.

​​​​​​​Diagnosis :

• Physical examination : Vital signs such as pulse, blood pressure, heart rate, temperature. Heart sounds and murmurs.
• ECG (Electrocardiogram)
• Echocardiogram

​​​​​​​Treatment :

• Atrial fibrillation : Medications such as beta blockers (metoprolol, atenolol, etc), amiodarone, verapamil, diltiazem, etc can be used. Fibrillation developed due to valvular disease can be treated by replacing the damaged valve.
• A-V block or heart block : Second degree block may require artificial pace maker. Third degree blocks is always treated by the help of artificial pacemakers.
• Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias : Medications such as beta blockers, digoxin, calcium channel blockers, amiodarone, etc can be used. Some patients may require radiofrequency catheter ablation.
• Sinus node dysfunction : It is treated by the help of artificial pacemaker.
• Ventricular fibrillation : It is an emergency condition and is treated with defibrillation by using the recommended amount of electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm.

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