Question

Chapter 3 discusses social behavior, and some of the variables that allow humans to be “ultrasocial” (existing in vary large cooperative societies). Philosophically, think about this chapter in terms of the Social Contract, and what seems to be necessary in order to maintain the Social Contract (and we’ll discuss that more fully in class).

The main idea that Haidt puts forth in this context is that reciprocity is key to upholding the Social Contract, and living socially.

So after reading Chapter 3 (“Reciprocity with a Vengeance”) reflect on the following:

1. Haidt argues that two variables that uphold reciprocity are gratitude and vengeance. In your own words, how would you summarize the main argument of what Haidt is saying with respect to how gratitude and vengeance function in a cooperative society (and make specific reference to the chapter when answering)?

2. Do you find yourself agreeing or disagreeing with this? Explain why.

3. Another variable that Haidt argues is essential to a large cooperative society is gossip. After reading that section on gossip, watch the following TedTalk by Elaine Lui. Although Lui focuses on celebrity gossip, what larger point(s) is she making that coincide with what Haidt is saying?

4. Do you find yourself agreeing or disagreeing with Haidt and Lui regarding the significant role that gossip plays in society? Explain why.

Answer 1

1. Haidt says that in a community there must be a social relationship among rhe members. In a society one membet sgoud helo other in various ways. A member should support others. There should be gratitude from the other side. Such gratitude helps to intensify the relationship. Gratitude brings one close to orher. Gratitude shows one's real feeling of humanity. If there is no real reciprocity there may be harm in the people. Such bad experience may make one revengeful.

2. Haidt says that reciprocity is very essential for social balance. There is no doubt in his such claim. He says that we need to have mutual understanding. If we gossip with others then it increases social interaction. This may stop transgression in the society.

3. There is almost same reflection between their views. Haidt says that gossip increases reciprocity in the members od the community. Tbere may be the motive of revenge in an individual. Such attirude breaks the pea e in the society. But through gossips ine can come cloee yobeach other. Haidt says that it is not possible for an individual to gossip with others as much as possible. But if an individual finds that there is a tendency of social transgression, then he should gossip with others. Through gossips he can exchange his views with others. He is able to find many persons to support his views. Such view is also reflected in the ted talk.

4. Both say the truth. It makes one responsible to others it increases one's social responsibility. It increases social security and mutual understanding.