Question

How would you compare MySQL, MSSQL, Oracle, SQLite based on current version, operating system, cost, written in, licensing, graphical management tools, and maximum number of records?

Answer 1

Name	Microsoft SQL Server  X	MySQL  X	SQLite  X
Description	Microsofts relational DBMS	Widely used open source RDBMS	Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database model	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS
Secondary database models	Document store Graph DBMS	Document store
DB-Engines Ranking Trend Chart	Score 1043.12 Rank #3   Overall #3   Relational DBMS	Score 1256.38 Rank #2   Overall #2   Relational DBMS	Score 125.43 Rank #9   Overall #6   Relational DBMS
Website	www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server	www.mysql.com	www.sqlite.org
Technical documentation	docs.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server	dev.mysql.com/­doc	www.sqlite.org/­docs.html
Developer	Microsoft	Oracle	Dwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release	1989	1995	2000
Current release	SQL Server 2019, November 2019	8.0.21, 2020	3.33.0 (August 14, 2020), August 2020
License	commercial	Open Source	Open Source
Cloud-based only	no	no	no
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)		ScaleGrid for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL hosting on AWS, Azure and DigitalOcean with high availability and SSH access on the #1 multi-cloud DBaaS. Azure Database for MySQL: A fully managed, scalable MySQL relational database with high availability and security built in at no extra cost
Implementation language	C++	C and C++	C
Server operating systems	Linux Windows	FreeBSD Linux OS X Solaris Windows	server-less
Data scheme	yes	yes	yes
Typing	yes	yes	yes
XML support	yes	yes	no
Secondary indexes	yes	yes	yes
SQL	yes	yes	yes
APIs and other access methods	ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB Tabular Data Stream (TDS)	ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API	ADO.NET JDBC ODBC
Supported programming languages	C# C++ Delphi Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python R Ruby Visual Basic	Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl	Actionscript Ada Basic C C# C++ D Delphi Forth Fortran Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP PL/SQL Python R Ruby Scala Scheme Smalltalk Tcl
Server-side scripts	Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java	yes	no
Triggers	yes	yes	yes
Partitioning methods	tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation	horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric	none
Replication methods	yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition	Multi-source replication Source-replica replication	none
MapReduce	no	no	no
Consistency concepts	Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys	yes	yes	yes
Transaction concepts	ACID	ACID	ACID
Concurrency	yes	yes	yes
Durability	yes	yes	yes
In-memory capabilities	yes	yes	yes

Name	MySQL  X	Oracle  X	SQLite  X
Description	Widely used open source RDBMS	Widely used RDBMS	Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database model	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS	Relational DBMS
Secondary database models	Document store	Document store Graph DBMS RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking Trend Chart	Score 1256.38 Rank #2   Overall #2   Relational DBMS	Score 1368.77 Rank #1   Overall #1   Relational DBMS	Score 125.43 Rank #9   Overall #6   Relational DBMS
Website	www.mysql.com	www.oracle.com/­database	www.sqlite.org
Technical documentation	dev.mysql.com/­doc	docs.oracle.com/­en/­database	www.sqlite.org/­docs.html
Developer	Oracle	Oracle	Dwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release	1995	1980	2000
Current release	8.0.21, 2020	19c, February 2019	3.33.0 (August 14, 2020), August 2020
License	Open Source	commercial	Open Source
Cloud-based only	no	no	no
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)	Azure Database for MySQL: A fully managed, scalable MySQL relational database with high availability and security built in at no extra cost ScaleGrid for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL hosting on AWS, Azure and DigitalOcean with high availability and SSH access on the #1 multi-cloud DBaaS.
Implementation language	C and C++	C and C++	C
Server operating systems	FreeBSD Linux OS X Solaris Windows	AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS	server-less
Data scheme	yes	yes	yes
Typing	yes	yes	yes
XML support	yes	yes	no
Secondary indexes	yes	yes	yes
SQL	yes	yes	yes
APIs and other access methods	ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API	JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI)	ADO.NET JDBC ODBC
Supported programming languages	Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl	C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic	Actionscript Ada Basic C C# C++ D Delphi Forth Fortran Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP PL/SQL Python R Ruby Scala Scheme Smalltalk Tcl
Server-side scripts	yes	PL/SQL	no
Triggers	yes	yes	yes
Partitioning methods	horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric	horizontal partitioning	none
Replication methods	Multi-source replication Source-replica replication	Multi-source replication Source-replica replication	none
MapReduce	no	no	no
Consistency concepts	Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys	yes	yes	yes
Transaction concepts	ACID	ACID	ACID
Concurrency	yes	yes	yes
Durability	yes	yes	yes
In-memory capabilities	yes	yes	yes
User concepts	Users with fine-grained authorization concept	fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard	no

Difference between MySQL and SQLite:

   

                     sqllite                                                                                                                           MS SQL server

1.	It was developed By D. Richard Hipp in August 2000.	It was developed by Microsoft Corporation and initially released on April 24, 1989.
2.	SQLite is developed only in C language.	MS SQL server is written in C and C++.
3.	The primary database model for SQLite is RDBMS.	The primary database model for MS SQL Server is also RDBMS
4.	The license for SQLite is open-source.	The license for MS SQL Server is commercial.
5.	There is no secondary database model for SQLite.	The secondary database model for MS SQL Server are Document store and Graph DBMS.
6.	SQLite does not support XML data format.	MS SQL Server supports XML data format.
7.	In SQLite, the data schema is dynamic.	In MS SQL Server, the data schema is fixed.
8.	It does not support any replication methods.	It supports replication methods but depending on the SQL-Server Edition.
9.	SQLite does not require a server to run. Hence, it is serverless.	Server operating systems for MS SQL Server are Linux and Windows.
10.	It supports in-memory capabilities.	It also supports in-memory capabilities.
11.	SQLite does not support Map Reduce method.	MS SQL Server also does not supports Map Reduce method.

Differences between SQL and SQLite :

SQL	SQLite
SQL is Structured Query Language used to query Relational Database System. It is written in C language.	SQLite is an Relational Database Management System which is written in ANSI-C.
SQL is standard which specifies how relational schema is created, data is inserted or updated in relations, transactions are started and stopped, etc.	SQLite is file-based. It is different from other SQL databases because unlike most other SQL databases, SQLite does not have separate server process.
Main components of SQL are Data Definition Language(DDL), Data Manipulation Language(DML), Data Control Language(DCL).	SQLite supports many features of SQL and has high performance but does not support stored procedures.
SQL is Structured Query Language which is used with databases like MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, IBM DB2, etc.	SQLite is portable database resource. It could get an extension in whatever programming language used to access that database.
A conventional SQL database needs to be running as service like OracleDB to connect to and provide lot of functionalities.	SQLite database system does not provide such functionalities.
SQL is query language which is used by other SQL databases. It is not database itself.	SQLite is relational database management system itself which uses SQL.