Describe the state of chromosomes (e.g., position in cell, attachments, condensation), spindle, and nuclear envelope at...

Describe the state of chromosomes (e.g., position in cell, attachments, condensation), spindle, and nuclear envelope at each stage of mitosis. Similarly, name the stage of mitosis corresponding to a description of a cell’s chromosomes, spindle, and nuclear envelope.

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Expert Solution

Mitosis is the process of division of cells which produce two haploid cells identical to the parent cell. It involves division of nucleus ie, karyokinesis followed by division of cytoplasm ie, cytokinesis.

There are four stages in mitosis --

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Prophase :

Chromosome lie loose in nucleus in this stage and have two chromatids attached to Centromere
Chromosomal material start to condense
Centrosome start to move at opposite poles
Asters (radiating microtubule) form mitotic spindle
Nuclear envelope start disintegrating

Metaphase :

Complete disintegration of nuclear envelope is seen
Chromosome lie freely in cytoplasm
Chromosome condensation is complete
Chromosome have two sister chromatid
Chromosome align themselves in centre (equator) know as metaphasic plate.
Chromosome gets attached to spindle fibre through kinetochore
One chromatid attached to one side of pole and other chromatid attached to pole of other side

Anaphase :

Centromere split and chromatid separate
Chromatid separate to form two daughter chromosome
Chromosome start moving toward two opposite pole
Chromosome are still attached through centromere

Telophase :

Chromosome reach opposite pole
Chromosome start to decondense
By the end, decondensation is completed and get clustered
Nuclear envelope develop again around chromosome forming two daughter nuclei.

gladiator answered 2 weeks ago

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