Question

What is brazils present tariff and non-tariff restrictions on competit promotion, pricing and distribution. Alsoupon regulations concerning entry of firms and repatriation of profits and discuss to what regional and international trade associations the country belongs .

Answer 1

Brazil ranked 109 out of 190 countries in Ease of Doing Business Study 2019 by the World Bank. Imports in Brazil are subject to many taxes and fees which are normally charged during the period of customs clearance. There are three taxes which account for the bulk of import costs: the import duty (abbreviated in Portuguese as II), the industrial product tax (IPI) and the merchandise and service circulation tax (ICMS). Import duty (II) is a federal product-specific tax levied on a CIF basis (Cost, Insurance, and Freight).Brazilian import duties range from 10 per cent to 35 per cent in most cases. The GOB levies the IPI rate by assessing how important the commodity could be to the end-user in Brazil. The IPI tax rate usually varies from 0-15 per cent. Of imports the tax is paid on the value of the CIF plus import duty of the drug. ICMS is a value added tax levied on both imports and domestic goods by the state government. The ICMS tax is levied on all intrastate and interstate transactions and is appraised on-product transfer or movement. The rate varies among states: the rate varies from 7-18 per cent in the State of São Paulo. The Ministry of Economy is overseeing the ex-tariff scheme, which can only be demanded by local companies through Customs import / export registration. Typically speaking, if this status is given, the import tariff can be immediately lowered for up to two years to 2 per cent. In 2017 the GOB became the third nation to formally recognize ATA Carnet in Latin America. The GOB has made a limited import allowance for goods that are used for a fixed period of time and then re-exported, since 2000. The import duty (II) and IPI are used to assess the temporary import tax under Brazil's temporary import programme. The items must be used in the manufacture of other goods and require payment of the local importer's rental or lease fee to the international exporter.
The entry of used products into Brazil is subject to very strict laws. In order to operate the SISCOMEX, Brazilian importers must be registered in the SECEX Export and Import Registry and have a password issued by Customs. In July 2018 a new method was released for Brazilian imports. The program's final aim is to shorten the import time from 17 to 10 days. Brazil is a member of the Mercosur Trading Block, which has its own regional standards organization which issues standards and harmonizes them. In selected areas technical committees write and propose standards. Once they are accepted in that country each nation must ratify the standard. The entry into Brazil of several imported products is subject to permission granted by the respective Brazilian authorities which regulates the entry and marketing of these goods. Goods requiring an import license require the approval of one or more 16 authorities, primarily composed of ministries or regulatory agencies.