Question

Explain the IMFs for the Following and wether they are soluble, insoluble or partially insoluble:

-Acetone and Butanol, acetone and ethanol, acetone and CCl4, acetone and hexane, acetone and H2O

-Butanol and ethanol, butanol and CCl4, butanol and hexane, butanol and H2O

-CCl4 and ethanol, CCl4 and hexane, CCl4 and water

-Ethanol and hexane, and ethanol and H2O

-Hexane and water

Answer 1

Acetone and Butanol both are polar. Acetone exhibits dipole-dipole and butanol exhibits H-bonding due to this they are soluble. Acetone and ethanol both are polar. Acetone exhibits dipole-dipole and ethanol exhibits H-bonding due to this they are soluble. Acetone and CCl₄, CCl₄ is non-polar and exhibits dispersion forces therefore, acetone and CCl₄ will be insoluble. Acetone and hexane, hexane is non-polar and exhibits London dispersion forces, hence acetone and hexane are insoluble. Acetone and H₂O, since both are polar and water will make H-bonding therefore, acetone and H₂O are soluble.

Butanol and ethanol, since both are polar and both exhibits H-bonding therefore, Butanol and ethanol are soluble. butanol and CCl₄, CCl₄ is non-polar and exhibits dispersion forces therefore, butanol and CCl₄ will be insoluble. Butanol and hexane, butanol is polar but has large carbon chain due to which non-polar characteristics increases and hexane is non-polar and exhibits London dispersion forces, therefore, butanol and hexane are partially insoluble. Butanol and H₂O, since both are polar and both exhibits H-bonding therefore, Butanol and water are soluble.

CCl₄ and ethanol, ethanol is polar and CCl₄ is non-polar and exhibits dispersion forces therefore, ethanol and CCl₄ will be insoluble. CCl₄ and hexane both are non-polar like dissolves like hence they are soluble. CCl₄ and water, water is polar and CCl₄ is non-polar and exhibits dispersion forces therefore, water and CCl₄ will be insoluble.

Ethanol and hexane, ethanol is polar and hexane is non-polar and exhibits dispersion forces therefore, ethanol and hexane will be insoluble. Ethanol and H₂O since both are polar and both exhibits H-bonding therefore, ethanol and water are soluble.

Hexane and water, water is polar and Hexane is non-polar and exhibits dispersion forces therefore, water and Hexane will be insoluble.