Question

Explain the role of enzymes and probiotics in maintaining human digestive health

Answer 1

Probiotics and enzymes

Intestinal microflora, have greater role indigestion. Probiotics have a role in epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation and the development and homeostasis of the immune system. Probiotics can improve digestive efficiency. They are able to compensate for many deficiencies in our immune system.

Probiotics, good against bad microbes. Probiotics are able to regenerate our digestive system with good microbes, that can neutralize the harmful microbes that already exist in our digestive system.

In some instances, antibiotics are used which even kill the useful microbes in such cases that probiotics are used to regenerate our microflora. This is the cheapest way to recover any losses in our digestive system.

They can remove the side effects of the pathogen. It can reduce the amount of food needed by the body.

There are different enzymes involved in the digestion of food particles. There are specific enzymes for the digestion of Fat, protein, carbohydrate. Without the enzyme, the body can’t absorb proper nutrients and produce an adequate amount of energy.

Digestive enzymes are split into three classes: proteolytic enzymes that are needed to digest protein, lipases needed to digest fat, and amylases needed to digest carbohydrates. There are various types of digestive enzymes found in humans, some of which include:

• Amylase — Found in saliva and pancreatic juice and works to break large starch molecules into maltose. Needed to break down carbohydrates, starches, and sugars, which are prevalent in basically all plant foods (potatoes, fruits, vegetables, grains, etc.).
• Pepsin — Which enzyme breaks down protein? Found in the gastric juice within your stomach, pepsin helps break down protein into smaller units called polypeptides.
• Lipase — Made by your pancreas and secreted into your small intestine. After mixing with bile, helps digest fats and triglycerides into fatty acids. Needed to digest fat-containing foods like dairy products, nuts, oils, eggs, and meat.
• Trypsin and chymotrypsin — These endopeptidases further break down polypeptides into even smaller pieces.
• Cellulase — Helps digest high-fiber foods like broccoli, asparagus and beans, which can cause excessive gas.
• Exopeptidases, carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase — Help release individual amino acids.
• Lactase — Breaks the sugar lactose into glucose and galactose.
• Sucrase — Cleaves the sugar sucrose into glucose and fructose.
• Maltase — Reduces the sugar maltose into smaller glucose molecules.
• Other enzymes that break down sugar/carbs like invertase, glucoamylase and alpha-glactosidase.

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