Question

write what you think are the key components of the culture in the United States that someone visiting from another country for business should be aware of.

Answer 1

Usually Americans refrain from greetings including the embrace and near body touch.The normal space between your counterpart and yourself will be about two centimeters. Most executives on closer distance will be uncomfortable standing. If you give someone else an object, it's normal to flip it or hand it over with only one hand.
Almost 100 per cent of English can also be used in company communications.  However, because of the country's proximity to Mexico and Central America and the large population of Spanish-speaking citizens in the country, Spanish is becoming increasingly important.

Executives are direct, and are not going to hesitate to disagree. A further characteristic found in American businessmen is persistence. Moreover, when negotiations are in a deadlock, they will try to explore all the options.
The Americans tend to be oriented toward the future. Innovation takes precedence over tradition.
Business is usually run at a very rapid pace.
No matter the negotiator, the company's policies are always followed.

It is achievable to conduct business in foreign markets if the business is flexible enough to work within the guidelines of local laws and regulations. It is highly recommended when reviewing legal and regulatory commitments that you seek experienced legal counsel for overseas business practices to identify hazards that may cause barriers to your business. Don't skimp on the expense of having legal advice from overseas experience, it will help you long-term.