Question

(b)    State and explain the Schulze-Hardy rules as they relate to the stability of colloids. Include in your answer a brief explanation of the empirical “sixth-power rule”.

(c)     The critical coagulation concentration (ccc) for the unknown colloidal sols X and Y are given below:

                                                                  X / mmol dm^-3                   Y / mmol dm^-3

                     NaCl                                               59.4                                      88.3

                     MgCl₂                                        0.95                                      44.6                   

(i)     From the ccc values above determine the charge on each colloidal sol X

         and Y, accounting clearly for your choice.

(ii)    Estimate the ccc values one might expect if AlCl₃ was the inert electrolyte added.

Answer 1