Question

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Q1. Define the following terms:
A. Contingency table (Introduction to Biostatistics)
B. Chi-square test (Introduction to Biostatistics)
Q2. List the assumptions required to perform a chi-square test? (Introduction to Biostatistics)

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Answer 1

The chi-square test for independence, also called Pearson's chi-square test or the chi-square test of association, is used to discover if there is a relationship between two categorical variables.

When you choose to analyse your data using a chi-square test for independence, you need to make sure that the data you want to analyse "passes" two assumptions. You need to do this because it is only appropriate to use a chi-square test for independence if your data passes these two assumptions. If it does not, you cannot use a chi-square test for independence. These two assumptions are:

Assumption #1: Your two variables should be measured at an ordinal or nominal level (i.e., categorical data).
Assumption #2: Your two variable should consist of two or more categorical, independent groups

a table showing the distribution of one variable in rows and another in columns, used to study the correlation between the two variables.