Question

Polaski Company manufactures and sells a single product called a Ret. Operating at capacity, the company can produce and sell 48,000 Rets per year. Costs associated with this level of production and sales are given below:

	Unit				Total
Direct materials	$	25			$	1,200,000
Direct labor		10				480,000
Variable manufacturing overhead		3				144,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead		7				336,000
Variable selling expense		4				192,000
Fixed selling expense		6				288,000
Total cost	$	55			$	2,640,000

The Rets normally sell for $60 each. Fixed manufacturing overhead is $336,000 per year within the range of 41,000 through 48,000 Rets per year.

Required:

1. Assume that due to a recession, Polaski Company expects to sell only 41,000 Rets through regular channels next year. A large retail chain has offered to purchase 7,000 Rets if Polaski is willing to accept a 16% discount off the regular price. There would be no sales commissions on this order; thus, variable selling expenses would be slashed by 75%. However, Polaski Company would have to purchase a special machine to engrave the retail chain’s name on the 7,000 units. This machine would cost $14,000. Polaski Company has no assurance that the retail chain will purchase additional units in the future. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the special order? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

2. Refer to the original data. Assume again that Polaski Company expects to sell only 41,000 Rets through regular channels next year. The U.S. Army would like to make a one-time-only purchase of 7,000 Rets. The Army would pay a fixed fee of $1.80 per Ret, and it would reimburse Polaski Company for all costs of production (variable and fixed) associated with the units. Because the army would pick up the Rets with its own trucks, there would be no variable selling expenses associated with this order. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army's special order?

3. Assume the same situation as described in (2) above, except that the company expects to sell 48,000 Rets through regular channels next year. Thus, accepting the U.S. Army’s order would require giving up regular sales of 7,000 Rets. Given this new information, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of accepting the U.S. Army's special order?

Answer 1

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Due to character limit I am attaching the image of Situation 3.

Particulars	Details	Amount	Price per unit
No. of units produced	48,000.00	48,000.00
Sell price per unit			60.00	A
Direct Material		1,200,000.00	25.00
Direct Labor		480,000.00	10.00
Variable Manufacturing overhead		144,000.00	3.00
Variable selling expense		192,000.00	4.00	C
Total Variable cost per unit			42.00
Contribution per unit			18.00	G
Fixed Manufacturing overhead		336,000.00	7.00
Fixed selling expense		288,000.00	6.00
Total Fixed cost per unit			13.00
Current Scenario
Units Sold	41,000.00
Contribution earned		738,000.00		41,000*18
Less:
Fixed Manufacturing overhead		336,000.00
Fixed selling expense		288,000.00
Net Profit		114,000.00
Situation 1- Offer of Retail Chain
Reduction in Sell price by	16%
Reduction in Sell price per unit	9.60			B=A*16%
Reduction in Variable selling expense	75%
Reduction in Variable selling expense	3.00			D=C*75%
Revised Sell price per unit		50.40		E=A-B
Less:
Direct Material		25.00
Direct Labor		10.00
Variable Manufacturing overhead		3.00
Variable selling expense		1.00		F=C-D
Total Variable cost per unit		39.00
Contribution per unit		11.40
No. of Units		7,000.00
Total Contribution		79,800.00
Less: Cost of special machine		14,000.00
Net income		65,800.00
Conclusion: By selling the remaining 7,000 units Polasky Company can earn an additional profit $ 65,800. So they should accept this project.
Note: Fixed manufacturing and selling expenses are sunk cost and they should not be considered for this order.
Situation 2- Offer of US Army
Fixed Fee per unit	1.80
Fixed manufacturing overhead per unit	7.00
Net received per unit	8.80
No. of Units	7,000.00		7000*8.8
Total received	61,600.00
Conclusion: By selling the remaining 7,000 units to US army Polasky Company can earn an additional profit $ 61,600. So they should accept this project.
Note: Fixed manufacturing and selling expenses are sunk cost and they should not be considered so manufacturing overhead reimbursed by USA army is additional income for Polasky.