Question

explain the physiology of the pancreas in detail

Answer 1

Answer : The pancreas is a gland composed of exocrine component and endocrine component and The pancreas can be divided into 3 parts:

-the head which lies withing the loop of the duodenum

-the body which is in the mid portion of the pancreas

-the tail which extends laterally and left to the hilus of the spleen

The pancreas produces enzymes that digest food(exocrine function). It also produces hormones that regulate blood sugar levels (endocrine)...500-1000 secretions from exocrine cells produced/ day

Pancreas exocrine function has 3 major enzymes..

1- Amylase-hydrolyzes carbohydrates into glucose and maltose.
2-lipase-hydrolyzes fat into glycerol and fatty acids.
3-protease-Including trysinogen which is precursor to trypsin-Breaks down amino acid bonds of protein.

Pancreatic secretions are controlled by -The hormones SECRETIN and CCK-PZ
When Chyme Is mainly made of proteins and fats the duodenum releases CCK-PZ which stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes. If Chyme is mainly Acidic, secretin stimulates the release of bicarbonate and water.

Four phases to pancreatic secretion

1-at rest there is mild secretion
2-CEPHALIC-Sight and smell of food starts Modest secretion
3-GASTRIC PHASE- Distention of stomach Moderate secretion
4- INTESTINAL PHASE-delivery of food into duodenum maximum secretions occur ... Thanks dear student