Question

19. Discuss the differences transcription in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes? (500 words)

Answer 1

ANSWER -

FOLLOWING ARE THE DIFFERENCES IN THE TABULAR FORM IN THE TRANSCRIPTION OF PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES

CHARACTERISTIC	PROKARYOTES	EUKARYOTES
1)RNA POL	RNA polymerase have four subunits and sigma factor	five type of RNA poymerase occurs in eukaryotes
2)TYPE	signle type of RNA polymerase in prokaryotes	RNA pol I, pol II, pol III, pol IV, pol V
3)SIZE	RNA polymerase 400 kda	RNA polymerase size 500 kda
4) TYPE OF PROTEINS	holo enzyme consist of sigma factor, regulatory proteins only	have basal and regulatory facotrs both.
5) INITIATION OF TRANSCRIPTION	the sigma facotr binds to 35 and 10 box in promoter region of the non template strand of a DNA, RNA polymerase catalyses the synthesis of RNA strand by pairing the DNA bases on the template strand with their complemantary RNA bases	the basal transcriptionfactors bindto a promoter region called the TATA box, one of the RNA polymerase helicase , opens the double helix of the DNA and the other RNA polymerase catalyses the synthesis of RNA strand by pairing the DNA bases on the DNA template
6) TERMINATION	termination signal forms a loop and is detached from the RNA polymerase	the termination signal, the synthesized RNA strand is detached from RNA polymerase and the transcriptionstops.
7) LOCATION	occurs in cytoplasm	occurs in cell nucleus
8)OCCURANCE	transcription and translation happen simultaneously	transcription and translation differ in space and time
9)mRNA formation	mRNA is transcribed directly from template DNA molecule	initially a pre mRNA molecule is formed and then processed to yield mature mRNA

these are few of the differences of the transcription of prokaryotes and eukaryotes.