Question

what is the difference between the three types of down syndrome and where is the difference in details?

Answer 1

There are three types of down syndrome

TRISOMY 21	TRANSLOCATION	MOSAICISM
This is the most common type of down syndrome, with trisomy of chromosome no. 21 i.e, there are three rather than 2 chromosomes of 21, this is called as non-disjunction It accounts for 95% of the cases	occurs duringreplication when a part of chromosome no. 21 breaks off and attaches(translocates) to another chromosome. This results in the total chromosomes as 46, but one chromosome ends up with extra genetic material from the translocated part of chromosme 21. 4% of the down syndrome cases	This kind of down syndrome occurs after the egg has been fertilized and abnormal or faulty cell division ocurs after fertilization. Non-disjunction of chromosome 21 occurs in some cells, leading to a mosaic of cells containing 46 and 47 chromosomes. This is a rare type of down syndrome and accounts for only 1% of the cases

The difference in the details is the variation of chromosome 21 present in the three types of down syndrome. Trisomy has three chromosome 21, Translocation has a pair of chromosome 21, but a part of chromosome is missing and translocated from one of the chromosomes and Moisaisicm is due to abnormal cell division in certain cells, so non-disjunction occurs only in some cells.

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