In: Statistics and Probability
Directions: Use the Crosstabs option in the Descriptives menu to answer the questions based on the following scenario. (Be sure to select Chi-square from the Statistics submenu and Observed, Expected, Row, and Column in the Cells submenu. Assume a level of significance of .05) The school district recently adopted the use of e-textbooks, and the superintendent is interested in determining the level of satisfaction with e-textbooks among students and if there is a relationship between the level of satisfaction and student classification. The superintendent selected a sample of students from one high school and asked them how satisfied they were with the use of e-textbooks.
The data that were collected are presented
Student Classification (N = 128)
Satisfied Yes Freshman 20; Sophomore 21; Junior 11; Senior 13
No Freshman 11: Sophomore 7; Junior 23; Senior 22
1. Of the students that were satisfied, what percent were Freshmen, Sophomore, Junior, and Senior? (Round your final answer to 1 decimal place).
2. State an appropriate null hypothesis for this analysis.
3. What is the value of the chi-square statistic?
4. What are the reported degrees of freedom?
5. What is the reported level of significance?
6. Based on the results of the chi-square test of independence, is there an association between e-textbook satisfaction and academic classification?
7. Present the results as they might appear in an article.
We have used SPSS to generate the result. Following are the screenshots how be performed analysis:
1. First we entered the data in SPSS
1 = Freshman, 2= Sophomore, 3 = Junior, and 4 = Senior
0 = No and 1 = Yes
2. Crosstab option is selected from analyze drop-down menu
3. Chi Square Test box is ticked under Crosstab dialog box
4. For calculating row, column, and total percentages, Row, Column, and Total options are ticked under Crosstab: Cell display dialog box
4. Click Ok to see the result.
Answer 1)
From the above SPSS output, it can be seen that of the students that were satisfied, 30.8% were Freshmen, 32.3% were Sophomore, 16.9% were Junior, and 20% were Senior.
Answer 2)
Null Hypothesis: There is no association between e-textbook satisfaction and academic classification
Alternative Hypothesis: There is association between e-textbook satisfaction and academic classification
Answer 3)
From the above SPSS Chi-Square Tests output, it can be seen that value of Chi Square statistics is 16.135
Answer 4)
From the above SPSS Chi-Square Tests output, it can be seen that the reported degrees of freedom is 3
Answer 5)
From the above SPSS Chi-Square Tests output, it can be seen that the reported level of significance 0.001
We have answered 5 parts