What are the focuses of these two fields of psychology? How has both fields of study evolved over the last 10 years. 1000 word essay

Chapter 9, Section 3, Exercise 057

Two intervals are given, A and B, for the same value of the explanatory variable. A: 3.9 to 6.1; B: 2.6 to 7.4

(a) Which interval is the confidence interval for the mean response? A or B? Which interval is the prediction interval for the response? A or B?

(b) What is the predicted value of the response variable for this value of the explanatory variable?

Enter the exact answer.

The predicted value is

8. Consider the relationship between the number of bids an item on eBay received and the item's selling price. The following is a sample of 5 items sold through an auction.

Price in Dollars 20 36 38 41 42

Number of Bids 5 5 5 8 8

Step 1 of 5: Calculate the sum of squared errors (SSE). Use the values b0= 2.1396 and b1= 0.1147 for the calculations. Round your answer to three decimal places.

Step 2 of 5: Calculate the estimated variance of errors, s2e. Round your answer to three decimal places.

Step 3 of 5: Calculate the estimated variance of slope, s2b1. Round your answer to three decimal places.

Step 4 of 5: Construct the 95% confidence interval for the slope. Round your answers to three decimal places.

Lower endpoint and Upper endpoint

Step 5 of 5: Construct the 90% confidence interval for the slope. Round your answers to three decimal places.

Lower endpoint and Upper endpoint

Use Minitab to answer the questions. Make sure to copy all output from the Minitab:

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes a variety of unemployment statistics, including the number of individuals who are unemployed and the mean length of time the individuals have been unemployed. For November 1998, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the national mean length of time of unemployment was 14.5 weeks.

The mayor of Chicago has requested the study on the status of unemployment in City of Chicago. A sample of 60 unemployed residents shows the sample mean is 15.7 and the sample standard deviation is 9.0. Test whether the length of time in Chicago is long than national average.

1) Let's think about the house price. According to the Case-Shiller Home Price Indices in August 2009, Chicago and San Francisco have following sample mean and population standard deviations (the sample mean was calculated by daily base, so the sample size was 30):

Using hypothesis test, prove if these house price indices are same.  (Setup a hypothesis, show your works to perform the test, and state your verdict)

2)             Some people argue that San Francisco has higher house price than that of Chicago. Prove/disprove the argument using a hypothesis test.

3)             Let’s assume the population standard deviations are unknown, and the sample standard deviation of for Chicago is 9.2 and that of San Francisco is 11.5. Some people argue that San Francisco has higher variability (higher variance) in house prices than that of Chicago. Setup a hypothesis, perform the test and prove/disprove the argument.

4.     Let’s consider a company’s growth rate of sales.

Find the sample mean and sample standard deviation using Minitab using descriptive statistics.

The store manager found that the average growth rate in 80s was 6.00%. Using the data, prove if the average growth rate for the sample period was same as that of 80s.

Prove if the average growth rate was less than 6%.

In a study of high school students at least 16 years of age, researchers obtained survey results summarized in the accompanying table (based on data from Texting While Driving and Other Risky Motor Vehicle Behaviors Among U.S. High School Students, by OMalley, Shults, and Eaton, Pediatrics, Vol. 131, No. 6).

Use a 0.05 significance level to test, by hand, the claim of independence between texting while driving and irregular seat belt use:

1. (a) State the null and alternative hypotheses, indicate the significance level and the type of test (left-, right-, or two-tailed test).

2. (b) Calculate by hand the test statistic

3. (c) Use the χ2 table to identify the critical value

4. (d) Use the test statistic and critical value to explain whether or not the null hypothesis is rejected.

5. (e) Make a concluding statement.

6. (f) Are those two risky behaviors independent of each other?

MANAGING ASHLAND MULTI-COMM SERVICES

The AMS technical services department has embarked on a quality improvement effort. It’s first project relates to maintaining the target upload speed for its Internet service subscribers. Upload speeds are measured on a standard scale in which the target value is 1.0. Data collected over the past year indicate that the upload speed is approximately normally distributed, with a mean of 1.005 and a standard deviation of 0.10. Each day, one upload speed is measured. The upload speed is considered acceptable if the measurement on the standard scale is between 0.95 and 1.05

1. Assuming that the distribution has not changed from what it was in the past year, what is the probability that the upload speed at any time is:

a. Less than 1.0?

b. Between 0.95 and 1.0?

c. Between 1.0 and 1.05?

d. Less than 0.95 or greater than 1.05?

2. The objective of the operations team is to reduce the probability that the upload speed is below 1.0. Should the team focus on process improvement that increases the mean upload speed to 1.05, or on process improvement that reduces the standard deviation of the upload speed to 0.75? Explain.

For questions 2-7: state the appropriate hypotheses; conduct a hypothesis test using α = 0.05 utilizing the classical approach, confidence interval approach, or p-value approach; state the decision regarding the hypotheses; and make a conclusion.

3. (15 pts) In a study of schizophrenia, researchers measured the activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the blood platelets of 18 patients. The results (expressed as nmol benzylaldehyde product per 108 platelets) were as follows:

6.8 8.4 8.7 11.9 14.2 18.8

9.9 4.1 9.7 12.7 5.2 7.8 7.8

7.4 7.3 10.6 14.5 10.7

The researchers believe that the average MAO level should be 7.5 amongst the general population, which is assumed to follow a normal distribution. Elevated MAO levels are considered abnormal.

7. (15 pts) The manager of a fast-food restaurant claims that the average service time is less than 90 seconds. A random sample of customers is selected and their wait times are reported as follows:

56 78 66 78 99 114 106 92 45 102

119 84 88 118 99 61 55 79 108 46

75 102 70 74 72 113 83 78 105 81

Explain Central Limit Theorem.     

What is the sampling distribution of the mean?

Explain the differences between a discrete random variable and a continuous random variable.      

5. Listed in the table below are the robbery and aggravated assault rates (occurrences per 100,000) for the 12 most populated U.S. cities in 2006:

a. Calculate the standard error of the estimate.

b. Estimate the strength of the linear relationship between x and y.

The paired data values for this test are

There are 11 data pairs. In the test, subtract the First Value from the Second Value. Also,Δ₀ = 0. Compute the test statistic t₀

In the survey sponsored by the Lindt chocolate company, 1708 women were surveyed and 85% of them said that chocolate made them happier.
a) Is there anything potentially wrong with this survey?
b) Of the 1708 women surveyed, what is the number of them who said that chocolate made them happier?
c)Use Excel to construct a 98% confidence interval estimate of the percentage of women who say that chocolate makes them happier. Insert a screenshot, write down the confidence interval and write a brief statement interpreting the result.

(d) Use Excel to test the claim that when asked, more than 80% of women say that chocolate makes them happier. Use a 0.02 significance level. (i.e. complete steps (a) to (e) similar to question 3)
(e) Does your result from (d) contradict your result from (c)? Explain.

Why is sigmoid activation function not recommended for hidden units but is fine for an output unit?

Let x represent the number of mountain climbers killed each year. The long-term variance of x is approximately σ² = 136.2. Suppose that for the past 11 years, the variance has been s² = 109.2. Use a 1% level of significance to test the claim that the recent variance for number of mountain-climber deaths is less than 136.2. Find a 90% confidence interval for the population variance. (a) What is the level of significance?


State the null and alternate hypotheses.

H_o: σ² = 136.2; H₁: σ² < 136.2 H_o: σ² < 136.2; H₁: σ² = 136.2     H_o: σ² = 136.2; H₁: σ² > 136.2 H_o: σ² = 136.2; H₁: σ² ≠ 136.2

(b) Find the value of the chi-square statistic for the sample. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)


What are the degrees of freedom?


What assumptions are you making about the original distribution?

We assume a uniform population distribution. We assume a binomial population distribution.     We assume a exponential population distribution. We assume a normal population distribution.

(c) Find or estimate the P-value of the sample test statistic.

P-value > 0.100 0.050 < P-value < 0.100     0.025 < P-value < 0.050 0.010 < P-value < 0.025 0.005 < P-value < 0.010 P-value < 0.005

(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis?

Since the P-value > α, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Since the P-value > α, we reject the null hypothesis.     Since the P-value ≤ α, we reject the null hypothesis. Since the P-value ≤ α, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.

At the 1% level of significance, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the variance for number of mountain climber deaths is less than 136.2 At the 1% level of significance, there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the variance for number of mountain climber deaths is less than 136.2    

(f) Find the requested confidence interval for the population variance. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

Interpret the results in the context of the application.

We are 90% confident that σ² lies outside this interval. We are 90% confident that σ² lies above this interval.     We are 90% confident that σ² lies below this interval. We are 90% confident that σ² lies within this interval.

A simple random sample of 50 accounts is taken from an account receivables portfolio of XYZ Ltd and the average account balance is $650. The population standard deviation o is known to be $70. Test the hypothesis that the population mean account balance is greater than a. $620 using the p-value approach and a 0.05 level of significance. b. Test the hypothesis that the population mean account balance is less than $800 using the critical value approach and a 0.05 level of significance. Test the hypothesis that the population mean account balance is different from $750. using the p-value approach and a 0.05 level of significance. C.

In the following problem, check that it is appropriate to use the normal approximation to the binomial. Then use the normal distribution to estimate the requested probabilities. It is known that 76% of all new products introduced in grocery stores fail (are taken off the market) within 2 years. If a grocery store chain introduces 66 new products, find the following probabilities. (Round your answers to four decimal places.) (a) within 2 years 47 or more fail (b) within 2 years 58 or fewer fail (c) within 2 years 15 or more succeed (d) within 2 years fewer than 10 succeed

statistics. HELP!