Question

Both China and India implemented vigorous limitations that were motivated by real policy concerns. However, the two countries implemented different policies and also differed in timing and speed of fertility decline. Compare and contrast the fertility limitations that the government of China and India put in their respective countries. Then, write a few sentences stating your own opinion on whether or not government imposed fertility limitations is ethical.

Answer 1

Giving birth to children is one’s basic right which shouldn’t be taken from anyone by force. An act would be considered ethical if only it increases utility or benefit to many and reduce any harm. In this case, many people would be affected because of this enforcement. Even deontological ethics would suggest the government to fulfil its duty but the duty of the government is the welfare and happiness of the people.

China introduced one child policy in 1979 and vigorously followed it. Although there were warnings from scholars, the government went on to impose only one child per couple. It started increasing the aged population and reduced the young population steadily. Besides, it also led to the abortion of many girl children and families who opted for the second child were forced to pay a hefty sum as fine. Although they have diluted the policy today, it had a huge impact on the society and people.

India tried to introduce it during 1977 by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi which led to their defeat in the election in 1977. They were going with compulsory sterilisation even after realising that the facilities were not enough in many part of the country. Besides, people believed that it’s their birth right to give birth to as many children as possible because children are the gifts from god. Later, the Janata government made sure they drop the plan and educate the people and make them voluntarily use birth control measures and limiting the number of children.

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