Question

What are two broad areas of research that lead us to believe that some behavioral/personality characteristics may be biologically (genetically/hormonally) determined? (1. Experimental data from animal studies/ 2. Studies of humans who have experienced prenatal genetic or hormonal anomalies.)

Give one specific example of research that points to this conclusion.

Answer 1

Studies of humans who have experienced prenatal genetic or hormonal anomalies lead the researchers to believe that some behavioral and personality charachteristics may be biologically determined. This example of an research hold an evidence for the above belief:

Gonadal hormones begin to influence the developing organism before birth. When a female fetus is exposed to excessive level of androgens anomalies in development of sexual organs may be apparent at birth. But even if these anamolies are surgically corrected, then also differences in personality and behavior becomes apparent as the child develops. Compared with other girls fo their age, these girls show a different pattern of play and other behavior . Similar case happens with boys who are exposed to excessive level of estrogen during fetal development influences the boy desire to dress in female clothing and enagage in opposite sex interest becomes apparent early in life. Thus, it is clear from this example that hormonal changes can cause direct or indirect observable changes in personality.