Question

Describe transformation, transduction and conjugation antibiotic sensitivity 343536

Answer 1

Transformation involves uptake of short fragments of naked DNA by naturally transformable bacteria.

Transduction involves transfer of DNA from one bacterium into another via bacteriophages.  

Conjunction involves transfer of DNA via sexual pilus and requires cell –to-cell contact.

During conjugation , one bacterium serves as the donor of the genetic material, and the other serves as the recipient. in many cases, conjugation serves to transfer plasmids that carry antibiotics resistant genes.

Any gene has the potential to be transferred between bacteria in this manner, including antibiotic resistance genes. Whether or not transferred genes will be integrated into the DNA of a recipient bacterium is another question. Foreign DNA can be harmful to a bacterium, and there are machineries in place that degrades incoming DNA. However, these systems are not 100% efficient. If the incoming DNA is incorporated and provides a benefit for the bacterium it is more likely maintained. For example, if a bacterium picks up an antibiotic resistance gene and is subsequently exposed to that antibiotic, this bacterium will be better off than susceptible neighbors and can increase in number.