Question

In: Economics

(2) We have studied auctions being run by sellers, but there are also auctions run by...

(2) We have studied auctions being run by sellers, but there are also auctions run by buyers. These are called reverse auctions or procurement auctions. Suppose that a company wants to buy one unit of a good. This company announces that they will run a second price procurement auction. The company will collect offers to sell one unit of the good from each of a group of firms and will buy the good from the firm that offers to sell it at the lowest price. This firm will be paid the second lowest offer. So for example if three firms, 1, 2 and 3, make offers of $1,000, $2,500 and $2,000, respectively, then the company will buy the good from firm 1 and will pay firm 1 a price of $2,000 for it. There are in fact three firms that are willing to sell the good. The cost of the good for firm i is ci . These costs are private information to the firm and they are independent. If firm i sells the good at price p then firm i makes a profit of p − ci . If firm i does not sell the good its profit is 0. The objective for each firm is to maximize its own profit. Each firm knows its own cost but not the costs of the other firms. You make decisions for firm 1. Your cost is $5,000. What offer should you submit and why?

Solutions

Expert Solution

In this case, if firm 1 is not selected, the profit is zero.

If firm 1 is selected, at price p, then it means that the next best price is at least p + 1 which will be paid to firm 1.

Now to get a profit, p+1 should be higher than 5000.

So let us have 2 scenarios.

Firm 1 quotes a price of 4999.

Firm 1 quotes a price of 5000.

In case of scenario 1, if firm 1 is selected, then the minimum price it will get is 5000. In that case, the profit will be zero. The firm is thus indifferent between pricing it at Rs. 4999 and not getting the contract. However, if the price quoted is below 4999, then it can get the contract at a price lower than its cost price of 5000 and end up making a loss. So the minimum quote to be done is 4999.

However, if the firm quotes 5000, it can either get or not get the contract. If it gets the contract, it will be paid at least 5001, if not then profit is zero.

So to ensure that there is some profit, the minimum price should be 5000.

But to maximize the profit, it pays for the firm to quote abnormally high numbers which will give them high profit or no profit. Thus it is better to go for 5001 and get an assured profit.


Related Solutions

In Chapter3 and also in the growth model where we studied about the long run, deficit...
In Chapter3 and also in the growth model where we studied about the long run, deficit spending( a higher government spending for a given tax rate) appears to have a negative effect on the economy but in the IS-LM model we can see that the opposite is true. A higher G increases the GDP by enhancing demand. Which one do you think is true? Can you reconcile these two ideas? What is your conclusion in terms of practical policy?
In Chapter-3 and also in the growth model where we studied about the long run, deficit...
In Chapter-3 and also in the growth model where we studied about the long run, deficit spending (a higher government spending for a given tax rate) appears to have a negative effect on the economy but in the IS-LM model we can see that the opposite is true. A higher G increases the GDP by enhancing demand. Which one do you think is true? Can you reconcile these two ideas? What is your conclusion in terms of practical policy?
We have studied the following notorious continuous distributions:
We have studied the following notorious continuous distributions: | | | | | -------- | ------- | --------- | ----------------- | ------- | --------- Normal | Beta | Weibull | Exponential | Lognormal | Uniform (continuous) Based on the following scenarios and descriptions, name which distribution would be your "go-to" for modeling the following quantities. * The time left on a 15 second radio ad when you turn on a radio and an ad happens to be on. **Response:** *...
Used car market, we have sellers who only sell good cars and sellers who sell lemons....
Used car market, we have sellers who only sell good cars and sellers who sell lemons. Value Seller buyer Good car 1500 2000 Lemon 600 400 If you are a good car dealer and successfully sold a good car, what is the profit? Under symmetric information, will the lemon owner be able to make profits? Under asymmetric information, the only information buyers have is there are 50% bad cars and 50% lemons in the market. For a risk neutral buyer,...
we have studied the concept of risk and return - so we know the fundamentals. To...
we have studied the concept of risk and return - so we know the fundamentals. To assume additional risk, investors will require the opportunity to receive additional return. Additionally, some investors by nature are more risk averse than others - this is what drives financial markets. Let's assume that you have just inherited an unexpected large sum of $100,000 for which you have no pressing financial demands and which you decided to invest for 10 years to revisit at that...
In addition to the clinical sample being tested, researchers would also run the assays on three...
In addition to the clinical sample being tested, researchers would also run the assays on three additional samples: uninfected human cells (human control), RNA provided by the CDC that matched parts of the SARS-CoV-2 genome (virus control) and “samples” containing just water. Why were those controls included (what would they show the researchers, and how would the results of the controls affect the interpretation of the outcome?). Was each considered a positive or a negative control?
Assume no externalities and the buyers and sellers interact in a market. Currently we have three...
Assume no externalities and the buyers and sellers interact in a market. Currently we have three buyers who value a good at $40. There are three possible sellers A, B, C whose marginal costs of production are $20, $30 and $50. Another seller, D, enters the market. D's marginal costs of production is $40. What is the change in Total Surplus caused by D's entry? Do not include the $ sign and remember to include a negative sign if you...
researchers at a university studied children born with an infection called roseola. the children also have...
researchers at a university studied children born with an infection called roseola. the children also have the causative herpesvirus inserted into their chrome osmoses. At least one parent of each child had the virus in a chromosome of a sampled hair cell. How did the children like;y become infected? and What does the transmission of the viral DNA from generation to generation reveal about the structure of DNA and its replication?
We have studied that assets have two kinds of risk: idiosyncratic (specific to the asset) and...
We have studied that assets have two kinds of risk: idiosyncratic (specific to the asset) and systemic (common to all assets). Why is the purpose of separating idiosyncratic risk from systemic risk? When you purchase an asset, do you consider the idiosyncratic risk from systemic risk? Given that systemic risk can be reduced/eliminated by diversification, how much value do you place on diversification?
Many of the hypothesis tests we have studied are predicated on requirements to ensure that the...
Many of the hypothesis tests we have studied are predicated on requirements to ensure that the sample statistic will have a certain sampling distribution. When these requirements are not met, we typically must use some sort of “backup” (nonparametric test). Complete the table below. For each regular/parametric test shown, please list the requirement(s) that must be met for that test, then list the nonparametric backup test that would be used when the requirements are not met. Regular Test Requirements Backup...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT