Question

Describe how the roles of a nurse anesthetist, clinical nurse specialist, nurse practitioner, and nurse midwife differ?

Describe the various medication errors that can occur in the administration of medications.?

If a nurse disagrees with a physician's written orders, discuss what action the nurse should take to protect the patient’s safety. What case law supports your recommendations?

Answer 1

Roles and responsiblites of nurse anesthetist are

• administer anesthesia during medical procedures and monitor patient during recovery.
• they determine the amount and type of anesthesia needed
• conducting patient assessments.
• educating patients about their surgery and recovery
• preparing anesthetic medication
• monitoring patients vital signs and adjust level of anesthesia
• patient safety as they recover from anesthesia

role of a nuse practitioner

• working directly with patients
• can dignose and manage most common and many chronic illness
• they are authorized to perform physical examination,order and interpret diagnostic test
• provide counseling and education and write precriptions

clinical nurse specialist

• optimizing patient care by working with nursing staff.this includes evaluating current practices,consultation with patient care
• make decisions on where to allocate staff and resources
• analyze patient data and outcomes
• participate with colleagues on new research

role of a midwife

• stay by soon to be mother side through labour and childbirth process
• look for complications or situations where medical doctor required
• educate women on birth options and their unique health issues
• teach mother how to breastfeed and care for their infant.

MEDICATIONERRORS OCCUR IN MEDICATION ADMINISTERATION

• prescribing errors; where in the selection of a drug is incorrect based on patients allergies or other indications.the wrong dose, form ,quantity,route,concentration,etc
• omission errors; in which there is a faliure to give medication before the next one is scheduled
• wrong time errors ; medication is given outside the predetermined interval from its scheduled time
• improper dosing errors; wrong dose was administered
• improper administeration techanique errors
• wrong drug preparation errors
• fragmented care errors ;lack of communication exists between the prescribing physician and other health care professionals

law

• nurse act as an adovcate of patient
• physicians order should not carry out an obviously erroneous order.instead they should report to the supervisor concern with a particular order.