Question

In: Finance

Alpha Insurance Company is obligated to make payments of $2 million, $3 million, and $4 million...

Alpha Insurance Company is obligated to make payments of $2 million, $3 million, and $4 million at the end of the next three years, respectively. The market interest rate is 8% per annum.

i. Determine the duration of the company’s payment obligations.

ii. Suppose the company’s payment obligations are fully funded and immunized using both 6-month zero coupon bonds and perpetuities. Determine how much of each of these bonds the company will hold in the portfolio. (7 marks )

Solutions

Expert Solution

1) The duration of a recurring payment (or cash received) is nothing but the weighted average of the time of payment, which can be calculated as follows:

1 2 3 4
YEAR Payment Obligation PV:Nominal Value/(1+annual rate)^year Share of cash flow in PV (col-3/sum(col-3)) Weighted time of payment col-4*col-1
1 2000000 1851851.852 0.243690456 0.243690456
2 3000000 2572016.461 0.338458967 0.676917934
3 4000000 3175328.964 0.417850577 1.25355173
Sum 7599197.277 2.17416012

So the duration would be 2.174 years

2)

a) six months zero coupon bonds:

The primary point to understand here is that the immunization simply means that the bonds in which the company would invest to meet its future obligations can be safely assumed to have a non-fluctuating 8% interest rate. With that in mind, we can draw a cash flow structure which pays a semi annual interest rate of 4% (8%/2). The cash flow table would look like this:

1 2 3 4
Payment Obligation Nominal Value of Bond with Reinvested Int Less the Payment Obligation (col-3-col-4)
0.5                  -   XXX*(1.04) XXX*(1.04)-(col-2)
1 20,00,000 (XXX*(1.04)-(col-2))*1.04
1.5                  -  
2 30,00,000
2.5                  -  
3 40,00,000
Initial bond portfolio Value XXX

Populating the rest of the values, and solving for XXX we get the initial bond portfolio value.

1 2 3 4
Payment Obligation Nominal Value of Bond with Reinvested Int Less the Payment Obligation (col-3-col-4)
0.5                  -              78,77,774        78,77,774
1 20,00,000            81,92,885        61,92,885
1.5                  -              64,40,601        64,40,601
2 30,00,000            66,98,225        36,98,225
2.5                  -              38,46,154        38,46,154
3 40,00,000            40,00,000                        -  
Initial bond portfolio Value 75,74,783.10

Please note that this result can be calculated very easily using the goal seek function in EXCEL.

Ans. 75,74,783.10

b) Perpetuity:

The same obligation can be fulfilled by a perpetuity paying cash flows, the table for it can be drawn in the similar way.

Payment Obligation Nominal Value of perpetuity payments+
Reinvested Int
Less the Payment Obligation (col-3-col-4)
0.5                  -                              14,44,980            14,44,980
1 20,00,000                            29,47,759               9,47,759
1.5                  -                              24,30,650            24,30,650
2 30,00,000                            39,72,856               9,72,856
2.5                  -                              24,56,750            24,56,750
3 40,00,000                            40,00,000                            -  
Corpus for perpetuity 3,61,24,500.89

Ans: 3,61,24,500.89


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