Question

How to prepare a good oral and poster presentation

in at least 3 page describe it.

Answer 1

SUCCESSFUL ORAL PRESENTATION

When you are well aware of what errors you should avoid, the chances are high that you will be able to greatly improve the effectiveness of your presentations. Many presentations seek interesting work but are nevertheless difficult to follow because the speaker unknowingly makes a number of presentation errors. By far the largest mistake is that a speaker does not realize how an audience listens.

When the Audience gets distracted?

Mistakes shall fall into two classes: speaker’s errors and presentation errors. Most common ones, most are self-explanatory. There are many reasons why this may happen, some may be outside your control,

1) The structure of the presentation is unclear, and consequently, the line of reasoning is hard to follow. Important matters as problem identification, aims, or motivation are insufficiently clear.

2) Visual aids are inadequate, confusing, unreadable, too small, too crowded, etc. Some speakers show too many in a too-short time

3) The speaker has his own little world of research which believes that all the background information needed to appreciate the meaning of his work is common knowledge.

4) The speaker uses long, complicated sentences; he uses unnecessary or difficult words

Steps To a Successful Presentation

1) Start in time: Once you submitted the abstract to the conference organizers, it is time to start thinking about how you organize the material in a talk if your abstract will have been accepted

2) The Message: Try to capture the message of your presentation in a single sentence

3) Select Results and Order Them: Use the sentence as the criterion to select which results to include, in what order, what basic information is needed to appreciate these results, and which experimental details are necessary and which not.

4) Opening and Introduction: In the opening, you catch the attention, Perhaps you could already give the conclusion of your work too. Try to speak slowly, with emphasis, and look at the audience. Of course, you must have prepared and rehearsed the opening carefully.

5) Conclusions and Ending: Conclusions should be properly announced to regain full attention. Present your conclusions in relation to the questions you raised in the Introduction. Avoid all irrelevant details.

6) Excellent figures have the highest impact: A picture is worth a thousand words. Well, not necessarily. Figures, especially those generated by spreadsheets, may look neat and tidy but at the same time, they may be real puzzles. A good picture to be used in an oral presentation- ·i) is easy to read   ii)explains itself iii)contains only relevant information, ·

7) Visual Aids: Overhead Transparencies, Slides, or Computer Projection: Using transparencies on a simple overhead projector is more or less problem-free.

8) Communication instead of performing: There is absolutely no need to use a more formal language. In fact, formal language is not desirable at all as it is more difficult to understand for the audience. Do not try to impress the audience with fancy words, formal constructions, subject-specific jargon, or unnecessary abbreviations.

9) Timing: There is only one way to find out: Take your stopwatch and go. This is usually a frustrating experience. First, you may note that the sentences simply do not come. My solution is to sit down and write the first part out in clear, short sentences. Second, you will probably find that you have too much material.

10) Nervousness: Understand the basic principles and you know how to apply these, you are likely to give a talk that is significantly better than the average presentation at international meetings. Lack of experience is not important provided you prepare your presentation well and you do your best to avoid the obvious mistakes  

SUCCESSFUL POSTER

A poster can be successful if it conveyed a clear message to the visitors, and generated valuable comments to the presenter. In order to achieve these goals, the poster needs to be crystal clear about the objectives, the approach, the main results, and the major conclusions of the work

There are some of the main errors: ·

i)Unclear structure: If key elements such as objectives, approach, conclusions, or perspectives are missing, everyone who is not an insider on your subject will not understand why your poster is relevant. ·

ii)Inappropriate structure: Many people blindly apply the standard structure of a written report, thereby using their poster as a sort of miniature article, which almost automatically leads to a lot of text. There is no standard structure for a poster.

iii)Too much text- All posters had way too much text on it.

iv)Overload kinds of Stuff- Many presenters overload their posters with too much data and greatly overestimate the time that the average visitor is willing to spend on the poster. ·

v)Poor figures. Some figures may be real puzzles, with incomprehensible legends, secret codes, small lettering, and cryptical captions, etc. Note that many spreadsheets and data programs do not produce “reader-friendly” graphics.

vi)No presenter present. This is obviously a missed chance for valuable discussions. Another frequent mistake is that presenters take a passive attitude and make no effort to initiate discussions.

Steps to an efficient poster

1) Message

2) Opening & Introduction.

. 3) Results.

. 4) Conclusion.

5) Attention Seeker.

6) Layout.

7) R2O-(Review, revise, optimize).

A good poster enables the reader to seek the message in a short time, If he finds the subject of interest he will stay to learn about the details and discuss the work with the presenter. If you fail to impress in a short time, he is likely to go on to the next poster, unless he really wants to know about your work.