Question

briefly explain the following conception.

1- TRADE FACILITATION?

2-CUSTOMS UNION?

3-NATIONAL TREATMENT?

4-PLURILATERAL AGREEMENT?

5-BOUND TARIFF?

6-NEGATIVE CONSENSUS?

Answer 1

1.Trade Facilitation leads to adoption of certain procedures and measures which ensure smooth movement of goods across national borders, reducing costs , maximizing efficiency and also fulfilling regulatory objectives.Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) is a World Trade Organization agreement that aims to cut customs-related red tape and ease the flow of trade between countries.

2. The Custom Union relies on the logic that be protectionist yourself and find a partner that is very efficient. This brings about net benefits.A customs union is generally defined as a type of trade bloc which is composed of a free trade area with a common external tariff. Customs unions are established through trade pacts where the participant countries set up common external trade policy.

The most famous example of a customs union is the European Union (EU). Trade among the member states of the EU flows tariff free, and regardless of which country in the EU imports a product, the same tariff is paid.

3.National treatment is a concept of international law that declares if a state provides certain rights and privileges to its own citizens, it also should provide equivalent rights and privileges to foreigners who are currently in the country.

Example, if Country A provides special tax breaks for its fledgling pharmaceutical industry, all pharmaceutical companies that have operations in Country A will be entitled to the tax breaks, regardless of whether the company is domestic or foreign.

4.Plurilateral Agreements are treaties between a subset of WTO members that apply only to a specific issue.
Plurilateral trade agreements involve several countries with a common interest but do not involve all WTO countries. Not all the plurilateral agreements are negotiated within the WTO framework. When started within the WTO context, plurilateral agreements may come from the failure to find agreement among all the WTO Contracting Parties and therefore a smaller group of countries decide to conclude the agreement between themselves.In simple words it is a multi-national legal or trade agreement between countries.