Among the following pairs of solvents, which layer would be on top? Or would they be...

Among the following pairs of solvents, which layer would be on top? Or would they be miscible? Explain.

Water and Cyclohexene

Water and Hexane

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Expert Solution

Water and Cyclohexene

NO Hexane will phase separate when added to water. The hexane will form the top layer , as it is lighter than water

Water and Hexane

Cyclohexane is not soluble in, or miscible with water. Given the general rule of "like dissolves like", a quick check of the chemical structure of cyclohexane suggests that it is extremely low in polarity. It is a completely symmetrical saturated 6 membered ring containing carbon and hydrogen only. Nothing with sufficient electronegativity to cause significant polarity, and no asymmetry to cause any uneven electron distribution. Water on the other hand, not only contains highly electronegative oxygen, but also two hydrogen atoms, whose electron cloud is being pulled by the oxygen, so it is a dipole.

I would disagree with some of the other contributors in terms of cyclohexene though. I wouldn't say it was "insoluble" in water, I would say it is "very sparingly soluble" in water. You can dissolve about 200 mg of cylcohexene into a litre of water at ambient temperature. The presence of the double bond in cyclohexene makes it (very very) slightly more polar than cyclohexane, which enables a tiny proportion to be solvated.

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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