Question

Part A

In the PhET simulation window, click the Macro menu in the top left corner of the screen. This view gives a view of the beaker at a macroscopic level (as your naked eye would see it). The Micro menu shows what happens to sugars and salts at the molecular level when they dissolve in water (note that you can use the arrows to switch to other type of solutes). Use both the Macro and Micro menus in the PhET simulation to help complete the following statements regarding solutions.

Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Make certain each sentence is complete before submitting your answer.

Hints

Help Reset ions solute negatively opposite Partical Charges positively NaCl sugar CaCl2 1. Pure water contains only water molecules that interact strongly with each other due to their ___________, which are graphically depicted as δ+ and δ−. 2. Solutions are formed when a _______ like a salt or sugar becomes homogeneously distributed in a solvent like water, and this distribution can be viewed in the Micro view. 3. When salts dissolve, they separate into individua________that strongly interact with the water molecules. 4. Binary salts are made up of two elements at varying ratios, where one element is a charged cation, and the other is a_________ charged anion. 5. In the Micro view, each shake of the container releases 6 molecules of its respective solute, but 6 molecules of the salt________actually produce more ions in solution than 6 molecules of the salt__________. 6. Not all soluble molecules are salts, e.g., a covalent species like__________readily dissolves in water without forming ions. 7. The reason they dissolve is because their partially charged atoms are able to associate with the partially charged atoms of water molecules, and these attractive forces occur as long as they are between atoms with_________charges.

Answer 1

1. Pure water contains only water molecules that interact strongly with each other due to their partial charges , which are graphically depicted as δ+ and δ−.

2. Solutions are formed when a solute like a salt or sugar becomes homogeneously distributed in a solvent like water, and this distribution can be viewed in the Micro view.

3. When salts dissolve, they separate into individua ions that strongly interact with the water molecules.

4. Binary salts are made up of two elements at varying ratios, where one element is a charged cation, and the other is a negatively charged anion.

5. In the Micro view, each shake of the container releases 6 molecules of its respective solute, but 6 molecules of the salt CaCl₂actually produce more ions in solution than 6 molecules of the salt NaCl.

6. Not all soluble molecules are salts, e.g., a covalent species like sugar readily dissolves in water without forming ions.

7. The reason they dissolve is because their partially charged atoms are able to associate with the partially charged atoms of water molecules, and these attractive forces occur as long as they are between atoms with opposite charges.