Question

On a hot summer day (95°F), you walk outside from an air-conditioned room (75°F) watching TV and begin jogging. Describe how your body reacts physiologically to the change in temperature. Be sure to include the following terms: set point, normal range, homeostasis, stimulus, sensor, input signal, integrating center, output signal, target and response (10 pts), include examples of tissues and organs that make up the sensor, input signal, integrating center, output signal, target (5 pts).

Answer 1

when you exercise,especially during hot condition, your muscles increase heat production, nudging your body temperature upward. Homeostasis mechanism is able to detect this change and trys to restore the normal body temperature.  if your body temperature is too high, a negative feedback loop will act to bring it back down towards the set point, or target value, of 98.6 degree fahrenheit

Homeostatic responses in temperature regulation :

The normal human body temperature range or set point is around 36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F).When your body temperature rises, sensors in the periphery and the brain tell the temperature regulation center of your brain, in a region called the hypothalamus that your temperature has strayed from its set point. In this case Temperature is the stimulus and input, nerve cells with ending in the skin and brain act as sensors, the hypothalamus acts as regulating center or integrating center. In response to increased body temperature, Blood vessels in the skin begin to dilate allowing more blood from the body core to flow to the surface of the skin (organ) allowing the heat to radiate into the environment. As blood flow to the skin increases, sweat glands are activated to increase their output. As the sweat evaporates from the skin surface into the surrounding air, it takes heat with it, in addition to this The depth of respiration increases, this further increases heat loss. In this case sweat gland throughout the body act as effector so that target temperature of 98.6 F is reached.