Question

1) The Granulosa cells secrete *

A) Estrogen and Inhibin

B) Progesterone

C) Testosterone

D) Lutenizing hormone

E) Estrogen only

2) When Estrogen is low (below moderate levels), this causes an increased secretion of? *

A) ADH

B) Prolactin

C) GnRH

D) TRH

E) All the above

3) When Estrogen is low (below moderate levels), this typically occurs during which phase of the female reproductive cycle?

A) Menstruation

B) Preovulation

C) Ovulation

D) Postovulation

E) All the above

4) Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum when the oocyte has been fertilized and will be at high concentration in the blood and urine?

A) Estrogen and Inhibin

B) Progesterone

C) B HCG

D) Lutenizing hormone

E) estrogen only

5) Daily administration of oral contraceptive pills (moderate estrogen levels) will keep FSH and LH at_________________ levels of the females 28 day reproductive cycle?

A) high

B) low

C) remain the same

D) none of the above

E) all of the above

6) This form of birth control is cost effective and prevents sperm from being ejaculated from the male? *

a) tubal ligation

b) vasectomy

c) oral contraceptive pills

d) abstinence

e) all of the above

7) What do interstitial cells secrete?

a) testosterone

b) progesterone

c) estrogen

d) androgen binding protein

e) none of the above are correct

8) A function(s) of the estrogen is:

a) develop follicles

b) develop the lining of the uterus

c) develop the breast of the female

d) develop bone

e) all of the above are correct

9) The lutenizing hormone surge which occurs mid cycle of the females reproductive cycle (menstrual cycle) will cause:

a) the graffian follicle to rupture

b) the primary follicle to rupture

c) the development of primary follicles only

d) the development of breast only

e) all of the above are correct

Answer 1

1)The Granulosa cells secrete Estrogen and Inhibin (Option A).

• Estrogen is secreted from granulosa cells of ovarian follicles, Corpus luteum and placenta.
• Inhibin secreted from granulosa cells of ovary, inhibit separation of FSH from anterior pituitary.

2)When oestrogen is low this causes an increased secretion of GnRH (Option C).

• When estrogen is low, it causes increased secretion of GnRH from hypothalamus which inturn stimulates anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH.

3)During menstruation phase of the female reproductive cycle, Estrogen is low (Option A).

• During female reproductive cycle, at the end of the cycle, oestrogen is low such that hypothalamus is stimulated by negative feedback mechanism to secrete GnRH.

4)B-HCG hormone maintains the corpus luteum when the oocyte has been fertilized and will be at high concentration in the blood and urine (Option C).

• B-HCG (B-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is secreted during the first few days of the pregnancy after the fertilization to maintain corpus luteum. The high concentration of this hormone in blood and urine is used to confirm pregnancy.

5)Daily administration of oral contraceptive pills will keep FSH and LH at low levels of the females 28 day reproductive cycle (Option B).

• Oral contraceptive pills with moderate oestrogen levels is used to keep FSH and LH levels low, thus preventing ovulation. As oestrogen produces a negative feedback mechanism hypothalamus to inhibit secretion of GnRH, so FSH and LH are inturn inhibited from anterior pituitary.

6)Vasectomy is the form of birth control which is cost effective and prevent sperm from being ejaculated from the male (Option B)

• Vasectomy is sterilization procedure where vas deferens is cut in a male such that preventing sperms from being ejaculated by the male.

7)Interstitial cells secrete testosterone (Option A).

• Interstitial cells / Leydig cells of testicles sacred the male hormone, testosterone.

8) All of the given options are correct (Option E).

• The functions of oestrogen include follicular development, uterine epithelial development, bone mineralization and breast development in females.

9) The luteinizing hormone surge which occurs mid cycle of the female reproductive cycle will cause the Graafian follicle to rupture (Option A).

• The LH surge in mid cycle causes ovulation by rupture of Graafian follicle. LH surge is due to positive feedback increase in oestrogen hormone levels.