Question

In: Physics

A satellite with Mass m is in orbit with a constant radius around the earth r0...

A satellite with Mass m is in orbit with a constant radius around the earth r0 (RE=6370km, Mass ME = 5,98*1024kg)

a) Show that the satellite moves with uniform circular motion and calculate the velocity v0 in dependance of G,M E and R E .

b) At which height h above the earth's surface is the geostationary orbit found? Which linear velocity does a satellite have at this height?

c) Compare this to the linear velocity on earth's surface as a function of the geographical latitude. Where should a spacecraft ideally take off?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Parte A

el satélite se mueve alrededor de la Tierra en una órbita circular bajo la influencia de la fuerza gravitacional. El satélite debe tener una aceleración centrípeta. El satélite se considera como una partícula bajo una fuerza neta y una partícula en movimiento circular uniforme. La única fuerza externa que actúa sobre el satélite es la fuerza gravitacional, que actúa hacia el centro de la Tierra y mantiene al satélite en su órbita circular.

Aplica la segunda ley de Newton al satélite y obtenemos:

Vamos a resolver y tenga en cuenta que la distancia desde el centro de la Tierra hasta el satélite es , donde es el radio de la tierra h la altura del satélite.

para determinar h equiparamos la fuerza centrípeta y la fuerza de la gravedad (deben ser iguales para que el satélite pueda estar en órbita en el planeta)

Yo cancelo m

omega es la velocidad angular de la tierra y es lo mismo que el satélite (porque es geoestacionario) y está dada por

donde G es una constante llamada constante gravitacional universal. Su valor en unidades del SI es

ahora vamos a determinar v

dónde

Parte B

la altura a la que el satélite orbita la Tierra ya se ha determinado en la parte A y viene dada por:

y la velocidad lineal que el satélite tiene a esa altura también se determinó en la parte A y está dada por:


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