Question

Airplane travelers sometimes note that their cosmetics bottles and other containers have leaked during a flight. What might cause this? (b) When blood pressure is measured, why must the cuff be held at the level of the heart? (c) Why does buoyancy occur? Is buoyant force a conservative force? Is potential energy associated with it? Explain your answer. (d) Explain how the tube in the figure below, known as a siphon, can transfer liquid from one container to a lower one even though the liquid must flow uphill for part of its journey. (Note that the tube must be filled with water to start with.)

Answer 1

The contents of bottles are filled keeping in mind the atmosperic pressure. High in the air, when it gains altitude the atmospheric pressure comes down but Pressure inside the bottle remains same, this causes thnigs in the container to expand a little bit, which is why the liquids overflow out of their bottles and get leaked.

If we imagine the vascular system of the body to be a vessel containing a liquid (blood), the pressure in the liquid will increase with depth. If the arm is lower than the heart, an erroneously high pressure will be recorded; if higher than the heart, the pressure will be erroneously low.Therefore Blood pressures are normally taken at the level of the Heart.

As an object is submerged in water, it moves, or displaces, water according to how much it weighs. Archimedes found that the water will push upward against the object with a force equal to the weight of water that is displaced. This force is Called buoyancy . How much water is displaced is determined by the density of the object. Density is the measure of how much mass is in an object, related to its volume.
Why does Buoyancy occur ?
There is a pressure difference due to the variation of pressure with depth in fluid. This difference in Pressure is the reason behind an upward Buoyant Force on the Object.
Yes buoyant force is a conservative Force and it is associated with potential Energy.