Question

Water Chemistry

Respond to the following questions: Consider the bonding and geometry of the water molecule.

A) How many bonds does Hydrogen typically form? How many bonds does Oxygen typically form?

B) What is the Chemical Formula for Water?

C) What type of bonds (ionic, covalent, and metallic) holds the atoms of the water molecule together?

D) Why is the water molecule a bent molecule?

E) What are some of the consequences of the water molecule being bent?

F) When water boils, what happens to the Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms within a water molecule?

G) Discuss a few things that you know about Water based upon your reading, activities, and personal experience. How much can you tell me about water?

Answer 1

A) hydrogen typically forms one bond and oxygen forms two bonds.

B) Chemical formula of water is H₂O

C) water possess covalent bonds(two O---H polar covalent bonds)

D) In water the central oxygen atom shows SP³ hybridisation and forms four SP ³ hybrid orbitals of which two undergo overlap with 1s orbital of two hydrogen atoms and the other two hybrid orbitals possess two lone pairs.hence water shows bent structure with 104.5^o bond angle.the bent structure can be attributed to lonepair bondpair repulsions present in water molecule.

E) consequences of bent shaped structure of water:

i) Bond angle of water changes to 104.5^o instead of 109.28^o in regular tetrahedron

ii) because of bent structure water exists as a highly polar molecule

iii) lonepair - lonepair and lonepair - bondpair repulsions become less due to bent structure.

F) At boiling point hydrogen and oxygen of water molecule convert into vapour state

G)Unique properties of Water are due to formation of Hydrogen bonding.It possess abnormally very boiling and melting points than other hydrides of 16th group.it has very high dielectric constant hence dissolves many inorganic salts.It possess amphoteric nature(behaves both as acid and base)