Question

Create a discussion question about the Immune System and submit a thorough response to this question. "create a discussion question about Immune System."

Answer 1

The question is -

What are the two main types of immunity in immune system?

Answer-

immunity against infectious disease is mainly of two types- innate and acquired.

Innate immunity- this provides the first line of defense against the infections. Is is not affected by prior contact with microorganisms or immunization. This is present from birth and is non specific.

Various mechanism of innate immunity are-

1. Epithelial surfaces- the intact skin and mucosa membrane covering the body surfaces protect it considerably against invasion by microorganisms. They act as mechanical barrier.

2. Antibacterial substances in blood and tissues- the complement system possesses bactericidal activiyand plays an important role in destruction of pathogen which invade body.

3. Cellular factors- natural defence against the invasion of blood and tissue by microorganisms and other foreign particle is mediated to a large extent by phagocytic cells which ingest and destroy them. These phagocytic cells are microphages and macrophages.

4. Inflammation- tissue injury or irritation, initiated by entry of pathogens or other irritants, leads to inflammation,which is an important,non specific defence mechanism.

5. Fever- rise in temperature following infections is a natural defence mechanism.

ACQUIRED IMMUNITY-

The resistance that an individual acquires during life by recognising and selectively eliminating specific foreign molecule is knows as acquired immunity.

It is of two types- active and passive

ACTIVE IMMUNITY- resistance developed by an individual as a result of an antigenic stimulus. It is known as adaptive immunity as it represents the adaptive response of the host to a specific pathogen or antigen.

Active immunity is mediated by formation of antibodies

PASSIVE IMMUNITY-this is a resistance that is transmitted passively to a recipient in a 'readymade' from. Preformed antibodies are given to the individual. Example is snake poisoning in which preformed antibodies are given for the quick response.